面包小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)的评价埃塞俄比亚中部阿瓦什地区高温胁迫条件下产量潜力及相关性状基因型研究

Tadiyos Bayisa, E. Habte, Mihratu Amanuel
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引用次数: 5

摘要

了解作物在高温胁迫下基因型变化的程度和表现,对有效的作物适应计划至关重要。为了获得这些信息,2017年在阿法尔的Werer农业研究中心对36个面包小麦基因型和3个已发布品种(Fentalle、Amibara和Werer-2)进行了三重格子设计和3个重复试验。本研究的目的是寻找适合中阿瓦什地区的最佳面包小麦基因型,以及在高温胁迫条件下最佳产量表现的面包小麦基因型。对实验产生的数据进行方差分析。对面包小麦15个性状的基因型方差分析显示,大部分性状的基因型间存在极显著差异,且在出苗期基因型间存在显著差异。值得注意的是,籽粒灌浆期短和早熟的基因型分别为G-4、G-18、G-3、G-26和G-15,其成熟期分别为播种后70、76、77、77和79 d,而对照品种维尔-2的成熟期为84 d。基因型G-16、G-22、G-28、G-32和G-34比对照品种Fentalle、Amibara和Werer-2更需要低冠温读数。G-2、G-7和G-21在单产方面表现优异,产量分别为2479、3039和2409公斤/公顷,优于表现最好的对照品种Werer-2(2362公斤/公顷)。因此,从目前的研究结果来看,所研究的基因型中存在足够的适应性性状,可以为今后面包小麦在高温胁迫条件下的选择和育种提供参考。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Evaluation of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes for Yield Potential and Related Traits Under High Temperature Stress Condition at Middle Awash, Ethiopia
Information on the extent and performance of genotypes present in a crop species under high temperature stress are essential for effective crop adaptation program. To generate such information 36 bread wheat genotypes with three released varieties (Fentalle, Amibara and Werer-2) were tested in Triple Lattice Design with three replication at Werer agricultural research center, Afar in 2017. The objective of the study were to develop best performed bread wheat genotypes that adapted to middle Awash area and to identify best performed bread wheat genotypes for yield under high temperature stress condition. The data generated from the experiment were subjected to analysis of variance. The analysis of variances of bread wheat genotypes evaluated for 15 traits revealed highly significant difference between the genotypes for most traits and significant difference among genotypes for days to emergence. It was interesting to note that genotypes identified for short grain filling period and early maturing were G-4, G-18, G-3, G-26 and G-15 with maturity days of 70, 76, 77, 77 and 79 days after sowing respectively, than the released check variety Werer-2 (84 days). Similarly genotypes G-16, G-22, G-28, G-32 and G-34 had better required low canopy temperature reading than released check varieties Fentalle, Amibara and Werer-2. The most important genotypes for showing excellent performance on grain yield per hectare obtained from G-2, G-7 and G-21 with grain yield of 2479 kh/ha, 3039 kg/ha and 2409 kg/ha respectively, than the best performed released check variety Werer-2 (2362 kilo gram per hectare). Hence, from the current results it has been observed adequate existence of traits showing adaptability in the studied genotypes and this could be exploited in future bread wheat selection and breeding for high temperature stress condition.
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