Clinical and Morphological Features of Retrocervical Endometriosis

Objective: To study the clinical and morphological features in patients with retrocervical endometriosis. Material and Methods: In National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov, Ministry of Health of Russia, In the period from 2016 to 2018, 120 patients with retrocervical endometriosis were examined and operated on. Patients were divided into 4 subgroups. The extent of retrocervical endometriosis was established according to the gynecological examination (bimanual and rectovaginal examination), ultrasound, MRI, laparoscopy and histological examination of biopsy material. The Results of the Study: clinical manifestations of retrocervical endometriosis are diverse. High frequency of pain syndrome (pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, dyschesia) and infertility in women with external genital endometriosis is an important diagnostic criterion for the disease and determine the indications for laparoscopy. Clinical manifestations of endometriosis, morphologically, can be characterized by in situ factors, oxidative stress, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, destruction and / or proliferation of the nerve ganglia and perineural growth of heterotopies. Conclusion: patients with RCA need a comprehensive examination, the final stage of which is laparoscopy, removal of all visible endometriotic foci, elimination of adhesive adhesions in the pelvis, followed by morphological study of ectopic foci.