An overview on catalyst and co-solvents for sustainable biodiesel production

There is quantum rise globally in the production of biodiesel due to its ability to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG). However, production of biodiesel faces a major hurdle in getting high purity and easy separation of main product from glycerol. Researchers worldwide are focussing on finding new sophisticated materials which help to develop sustainable eco-efficient process. Very few review articles have been published that covers use of catalyst and co-solvent for easy separation of biodiesel from glycerol. In this article, compressive assessment of various catalysts (homogeneous and heterogeneous), ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvent (green solvent) for biodiesel production is reviewed. This will help researchers to find an excellent combination and economical feasible for biodiesel manufacturing meeting environmental standards. This will provide a solid background for the future research.