A comparative analysis review of digital transformation stage in developing countries

Purpose: Digital Transformation (DX) is a phenomenon that must be addressed properly so that its benefits can be optimized. Slow adaptation to DT leads to the destruction of the industry and threatens its sustainability.  This article reveals significant insights in describing the trend of DX stages, especially in developing countries.Design/methodology/approach: Based on a comparative analysis of research related to DX in developing countries in reputable journals, more than 900 articles that reviewed DX. By conducting a strict and thorough screening of DX stages in developing countries, especially on the topic of Information Systems, 60 relevant articles were obtained.Findings: DX barriers in phase 1 comprise the fact that access and infrastructure are starting to be bridged, but not completely. DX barriers in developed countries have shifted predominantly from stage 1 to stage 2. More than 80 of the revealed indicators contribute to the success of DX in developing countries. In addition, this article also discusses various future research opportunities and essential indicators that intersect in stages 1, 2, and 3.Originality/value: DX barriers in developed countries have shifted predominantly from stage 1 to stage 2. More than 80 of the revealed indicators contribute to the success of DX in developing countries.