绿色革命的社会主义起源:Pandurang Khankhoje和国内“技术援助”

IF 1 1区历史学 Q1 HISTORY

History and Technology Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI:10.1080/07341512.2020.1862989

G. S. Laveaga

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引用次数: 3

摘要

绿色革命的起源叙述已经被划分为不同的时期，以影响谁被视为专家并被铭记。本文敦促我们重新定义技术援助，以便将许多外国援助倡议取得成功所需的国家农业援助活动纳入其中。20世纪许多以农业为基础的技术援助项目的起源可以追溯到洛克菲勒基金会领导的绿色革命的出现。本文认为，在墨西哥，所谓的外国技术援助的到来并不是新的，而是基于社会主义的农业计划的延续，该计划以通过科学改变农村生活为基础。除了忽视了关键的国家机构和科学家的影响之外，重要的跨国、预先存在的关系也常常被忽视。这篇文章用Pandurang Khankhoje的例子说明了推迟时间线的重要性，Pandurang Khankhoje是一位在诺曼·博洛格和洛克菲勒基金会到来之前在墨西哥工作的印度农学家。

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The socialist origins of the Green Revolution: Pandurang Khankhoje and domestic ‘technical assistance’

ABSTRACT Origin narratives of the Green Revolution have been periodized to influence who is seen as an expert and memorialized as such. This article pushes us to reframe technical assistance to include in country agricultural aid activities needed for many foreign assistance initiatives to succeed. Many agricultural-based technical assistance projects of the twentieth century trace their origins to the emergence of a Rockefeller Foundation-led Green Revolution. This essay argues that in Mexico the arrival of so-called foreign technical assistance was not new but rather a continuation of socialist-based agricultural initiatives based on transforming rural life thru science. In addition to missing the influence of pivotal national institutions and scientists, key transnational, pre-exisiting relationships are often overlooked. This essay illustrates the importance of pushing back the time-line by using the case of Pandurang Khankhoje, an Indian agronomist working in Mexico before the arrival of Norman Borlaug and the Rockefeller Foundation.

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来源期刊

History and Technology HISTORY-

CiteScore

1.60

自引率

16.70%

发文量

期刊介绍： History and Technology serves as an international forum for research on technology in history. A guiding premise is that technology—as knowledge, practice, and material resource—has been a key site for constituting the human experience. In the modern era, it becomes central to our understanding of the making and transformation of societies and cultures, on a local or transnational scale. The journal welcomes historical contributions on any aspect of technology but encourages research that addresses this wider frame through commensurate analytic and critical approaches.