Repairing a fractured field: Dynamics of collaboration, normalization and appropriation at intersections of newswork

New patterns of journalistic endeavour have altered the ways in which news and information reach the public, with new technologies enabling new types of journalistic actors to produce news both on their own and in collaborative arrangements with traditional journalists. From these intersections, new questions for understanding journalism amid change ask whether we are facing a fractured or more consolidated journalistic field. This article explores intersections of traditional and emergent news actors as disruptions to the dominant vision of the field. It shows the treatment of autonomous work of digital interlopers in news texts as reinforcing prevailing views of journalism by invoking traditional information authority and paradigmatic news-source relationships. Using field theory and analysis of narratives of journalistic roles in news texts to support its thesis, this article looks at reactions to the emergence of two independent news actors - WikiLeaks and ProPublica - representing distinct approaches to newswork born of a digital age. In its conclusion, this article outlines the initial framework for an 'appropriation thesis' that extends paradigm repair in instances when new journalistic actors' newswork is subsumed under traditional routines, thereby muting narratives of a heterogeneous field that would contradict the field's dominant vision and authority.