在全球流行病管理方面处于领先地位的沙特阿拉伯,对COVID-19传播的预测和预防策略

Foziah Alshamrani, Mohammed AlMuaigel, Noor Almohish, Fatimah H. Almarhoon, A. Alzahrani, Bashaier G AlQahtani
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摘要

COVID-19大流行,也称为冠状病毒大流行,是由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2)引起的持续的冠状病毒病2019 (COVID-19)大流行[1]。这些病毒在RNA病毒中拥有最大的26至32千碱基基因组,因为在电子显微镜下它们呈冠状形态,因此被称为“冠状病毒”[2]。冠状病毒可引起多种严重疾病,包括呼吸道疾病和肠胃炎,已在小鼠、大鼠、鸡、火鸡、猪、狗、猫、兔子、马、牛和人类中发现[3-4]。已经确定了四种人类冠状病毒。HCoV-229E和HCoV-OC43于20世纪60年代中期被发现[5],严重急性呼吸综合征相关冠状病毒(SARS-CoV)可引起危及生命的肺炎[6],最近的是冠状病毒病2019 (COVID-19)病。2019年12月以来,新冠肺炎疫情已成为威胁全球健康的大流行[7]。感染预防和控制(IPC)是一种科学的方法和实用的解决方案,旨在防止感染暴发对患者和卫生保健提供者造成伤害。它以感染、疾病传播研究、社会学和卫生系统强化为基础。IPC在患者安全和高质量全民健康覆盖领域占有独特地位。[8]。沙特阿拉伯采取了积极的应对措施,得到了世界各地医生和医院的认可。这包括暂时禁止朝觐和访问先知清真寺,因为来自世界各地的游客络绎不绝。另一个因素是停止一切形式的公共交通。本文将详细讨论其他措施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Anticipation of COVID-19 spread and prevention strategies in Saudi Arabia, a leader in worldwide pandemics management
The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the coronavirus pandemic, is an ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [1]. These viruses harboring the largest genome of 26 to 32kilobases amongst RNA viruses were termed “CoVs” because of their crown-like morphology under an electron microscope [2]. Coronaviruses can cause a variety of severe diseases including respiratory tract diseases and gastroenteritis, and have been identified in mice, rats, chickens, turkeys, swine, dogs, cats, rabbits, horses, cattle, and humans [3-4]. Four human coronaviruses have been identified. HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43 were identified in the mid-1960s [5], Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV) causes a life-threatening pneumonia [6], and the most recent one is Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease. Since December 2019, the COVID-19 outbreak has become a pandemic that is threatening global health across the world [7]. Infection prevention and control (IPC) is a scientific methodology and practical solution designed to prevent harm caused by infection outbreak to patients and health care providers. It is grounded in infections, the study of disease transmission, sociology and health system reinforcing. IPC occupies a unique position in the field of patient safety and quality universal health coverage. [8]. Saudi Arabia (SA) had a proactive response which has been recognized by doctors and hospitals around the world. This included temporary prohibitions on Umrah and visiting the Prophet’s Mosque due to crowds of visitors from all over the world. Another factor was terminating all forms of public transportation. Additional measures will be discussed in this review in detail.
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