全球行政治理:第三世界国家政府采购自由化

Q3 Social Sciences
A. Suherman
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引用次数: 0

摘要

全球化和全球治理的兴起正在改变国际法的结构。从经典的、基于国家间同意的国际法的角度来看,全球治理可能仍然仅仅表现为国际法律文书的数量增加。另一方面,需要对采用国际法提出一些要求,特别是通过一种使国际法对国家法律制度具有约束力的经典办法。经典方法是指这种由国家缔结的协议。政府采购协定(Government Procurement Agreement, GPA)是基于国家间协议的国际法之一,它是世贸组织中以政府采购为主体的具有法律约束力的协议。由于《政府采购协定》是一项由政府采购委员会管理的多边条约,该委员会包括作为《政府采购协定》缔约方的WTO成员,因此在《协定》下享有权利和义务。事实上,大多数成员国,特别是大多数发展中国家并不是《政府采购协定》的缔约方,因此没有遵守《政府采购协定》全部规定的法律义务。综上所述,全球行政治理在改革发展中国家的一些法律框架方面发挥了一定的作用。在实现竞争性和透明的政府采购方面,产生了一些积极的法律改革。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Global Administrative Governance: Liberalization of Government Procurement in Third World Countries
Globalization and the rise of global governance are transforming the structure of International law. From the perspective of the classical, interstate consent-based international law, global governance may still appear merely as a quantitative increase in international legal instruments. On the other hand, some requirement for adoption international law is needed, particularly through a classic scheme for binding force of international law into national legal system. Classic method means that such agreement which is concluded by states. One of the interstate consent based international law is Government Procurement Agreement (GPA) which legally binding agreement in the WTO focusing on the subject of government procurement. Since GPA is a multilateral treaty administered by a Committee on Government Procurement, which includes the WTO Members that are parties to the GPA, and thus have rights and obligations under the Agreement. In fact, the majority of member state, particularly most developing countries are not party the GPA, so there is no legal obligation to observe all the provision of GPA. It seems to be a great obstacle for developing countries to adopt the GPA provisions by several reasons In sum, global administrative governance takes some roles to reform some legal frame works in developing countries. A great contribution produced some positive legal reforms in term of the achievement of competitive and transparent government procurement.
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