Diagnostic parameters used in detecting of serious surgical soft tissue infection: Necrotizing fasciitis

Soft tissue infection in surgery is rapidly progressive infection that caused by variety of bacteria and their exotoxins that ultimately lead to extensive damage and necrosis of deep tissue and fascia. When it occurs in susceptible patients it led to septicemia and septic shock. It occurs mainly in scrotum, pernium and lower limbs and among malnutrition debilitated person. The disease is of high mortality rate. Early identification using is important to unwanted surgical consequence. Aim of study: To focus on the cause and diagnosis of serious soft tissue infection using laboratory investigations. Material and method: The study include (626) patients, (378) male and (248), Age (19-67) years. The study was done in department of General surgery in Al –Ramadi hospital ( July 2008-July 2018). Samples of the study was collected from patients come to hospital suffered from Necrotizing fasciitis. These patients undergoing clinical, radiographical examination and laboratory investigations. Samples of tissue are collected for bacterial culture and send to laboratory for bacterial identification and antibiotic sensitivity. X-ray and CT were used for examination of the area. Blood samples were also collected and send to laboratory for complete blood examination. Results: The statistical results indicate that the severe cases is associated with lowest mean value of WBC (7.1806±1.95788), and lowest mean value of hemoglobin (6.9260±2.25653) and highest serum level of creatinine (145.9758±2.33841), glucose (13.8547±1.71067) and lowest serum sodium (94.0986±.22220) in comparison with control group. The mean difference is significant at 0.05 level (P<0.05). Conclusion: Necrotising soft tissue infection is a serious fatal condition. Focusing on the cause of such condition of is important to start the early treatment to avoid the mortality. *Correspondence to: Liqaa Shallal Farhan, M.Sc, B.D.S, Maxillofacial Surgery, Dentistry College, Anbar University, Iraq, E-mail: liqaa.shallal@gmail.com