胃肠道线虫,微量元素和免疫力

K. Koski, M. Scott
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引用次数: 62

摘要

关于微量元素与胃肠道线虫及其必需的Th2免疫之间相互关系的科学文献的探索显示了广泛的文献,但令人遗憾的是,研究仍然不足和稀少,在感染宿主中调查微量元素与宿主免疫之间相互关系的研究远远少于。胃肠道线虫,如钩虫、蛔虫和毛线虫,需要激活免疫级联的Th2臂,并表达Th2细胞因子(白细胞介素-4、白细胞介素-5和白细胞介素-10)及其效应物来驱逐蠕虫。然而,寄生虫已经进化出一系列入侵宿主和逃避宿主防御机制的策略。其中许多机制涉及组织入侵的金属蛋白酶和酶,如过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶,以尽量减少宿主免疫系统对寄生组织的自由基损伤。铁、钼、铜和锌的缺乏与较高的蠕虫负担有关,钼、铁和铜的过量摄入也是如此。有一种可能性正在出现,即饮食中可能存在一个最佳微量元素水平,高于这个水平和低于这个水平对寄生虫有利。此外,有一些数据表明,特定的微量元素可能直接对寄生虫有毒。J. Trace Elem。中华医学杂志,16(6):391 - 391,2003。©2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Gastrointestinal nematodes, trace elements, and immunity
The exploration of the scientific literature on the interrelationship among trace elements, gastrointestinal nematodes, and their requisite Th2 immunity demonstrates extensive literature but regrettably, research remains inadequate and sparse, with far fewer studies having investigated the interrelationship among trace elements and host immunity in infected hosts. Gastrointestinal nematodes, such as hookworms, Ascaris lumbricoides, and Trichuris trichiura, require activation of the Th2 arm of the immune cascade and the expression of the Th2 cytokines (interleukin-4, interleukin-5, and interleukin-10) and their effectors for worm expulsion. However, parasites have evolved a series of strategies to invade the host and to evade host defense mechanisms. Many of these mechanisms involve metalloproteinases for tissue invasion and enzymes, such as catalase and superoxide dismutase, to minimize free radical damage to the parasitic tissues from the host's immune system. Deficiencies of iron, molybdenum, copper, and zinc, have been associated with higher worm burdens, as have excessive intakes of molybdenum, iron, and copper. The possibility is emerging that there may be an optimum trace element level in the diet above which and below which the parasite is advantaged. Moreover, there is some data to suggest that specific trace elements may be directly toxic to the parasite. J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. 16: 237–251, 2003. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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