向日葵生产效率的创新组成部分

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2021-08-27 DOI:10.30525/2500-946x/2021-2-4

D. Shyian, Nataliia Ulianchenko, K. Honcharova

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引用次数: 0

摘要

导论部分强调，自2004年以来，乌克兰农业逐渐开始加快生产。这在很大程度上与作物生产的增长有关，包括向日葵。2004-2020年期间，向日葵总产量增加了3.1倍，单产能力增加了一倍多。研究方法包括按照每公顷播种面积的成本价值和向日葵产量对农业企业进行综合分组。根据创新生产水平对企业进行分类，提出了确定创新系数的方法。研究对象为哈尔科夫地区的农业企业。分组随产率的结果使成本值与向日葵产量之间的直接关系成为可能。在一组平均产量高达15中心/公顷的企业中，成本为9653乌瓦赫/公顷;产量为25.1-30中心/ha的组为14860 UAH/ha;产量超过45中心/公顷- 27518 UAH/公顷。还发现，每增加1株向日葵的产出率，平均利润增加307.9万澳元/公顷。以向日葵每一种播种面积的成本水平对企业进行分组，可以假设分组指标与利润率的关系具有非线性函数的性质。已经确定，当成本增加16960 UAH/ha，利润增加6199 UAH/ha时，该函数达到最大值。文中还指出，在此成本值下，向日葵产量值应为29.8粒/公顷。确定向日葵生产创新发展系数的方法方法的实际认可表明，该指标客观地传达了制造过程中创新的使用率。创新发展系数大于1的企业，其产量、盈利能力和生产强度水平都要高得多。

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AN INNOVATIVE COMPONENT IN GENERATING EFFICIENCY OF SUNFLOWER PRODUCTION

The introductory part emphasizes that since 2004, Ukrainian agriculture has gradually begun to crank up production. This is largely associated with the growth of crop production, including sunflower. During 2004–2020, gross sunflower yield increased by 3.1 times, and yield capacity – more than double. Research methods involve grouping a complex of agricultural enterprises following the cost value per 1 ha of the sown area and sunflower yield. To classify the enterprises according to the level of innovative production, the authors have put forward a method for determining the coefficient of innovation. The object of the study comprises the agricultural enterprises of Kharkiv region. The results of grouping following yield rate have made it possible to establish a direct dependence between the cost value and sunflower yield. In a group of enterprises with an average yield of up to 15 centners/ha, costs amounted to 9653 UAH / ha; in a group with a yield of 25.1–30 centners/ha – 14860 UAH/ha; with a yield of more than 45 centners/ha – 27518 UAH/ha. It has also been found that an increase in the rate of sunflower yield by 1 centner leads to an average profit increase of 307.9 UAH/ha. The grouping of enterprises by the level of costs per 1 sown area of sunflower has made it possible to assume that the nature of the relationship of a grouping indicator with profit margin is characterized by a nonlinear function. It has been determined that this function has a maximum when the cost increases by 16960 UAH/ha and the amount of profit – by 6199 UAH/ha. The paper has also marked that under such cost value, the value of sunflower yield should be equal to 29.8 centners/ha. The practical approval of the methodological approach to determining the coefficient of innovative development of sunflower production has shown that this indicator objectively conveys the rate of use of innovations in the manufacturing process. Enterprises that had a coefficient of innovative development above 1 were characterized by a much higher level of yield, profitability, and production intensity.

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.