立陶宛珍稀半水生植物Elatine hydropiper (Elatinaceae)的研究:种群密度、种子库和保护挑战。

IF 3.1 4区 生物学 Q2 Immunology and Microbiology
Laurynas Taura, Liucija Kamaitytė-Bukelskienė, Z. Sinkevičienė, Z. Gudžinskas
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引用次数: 3

摘要

潮湿、间歇性洪水淹没的淡水海岸和浅水栖息地具有丰富的生物多样性。由于这些生境对人为和自然因素引起的变化高度敏感,这些生境中常见的许多通常为半水生的一年生植物或小型多年生植物正在减少。欧洲-西伯利亚半水生Elatine水鹬很少出现在立陶宛,在那里以及其他波罗的海和中欧国家受到保护。2020年,我们在立陶宛南部(Varėna地区)的Pabezninkai湖及其裸露的海岸发现了大量的Elatine水鹬。自2018年以来,该湖的水位已经下降了约1.5-1.6米,露出了宽阔、潮湿、沙质或粉砂质的海岸。本研究的目的是确定Elatine水鹬种群的状况,并评估其长期生存的潜力。研究的目的是(a)确定种群的大小和数量特征,(b)评估湖泊浅滩和外露海岸的种子库,(c)评估有Elatine hydropiper群落的物种多样性,(d)评估研究物种和湖泊栖息地的保护价值。方法研究时间为2020 - 2021年。在三个不同岸线基材的地点进行了植物斑块的数量和覆盖以及种子库的研究。在每个站点,对50个100 cm2样地的斑块数量和覆盖度进行了评估。在基质顶部5cm处检测种子库。共分析了90个底物样品。结果本研究发现,Elatine hydropiper在湖中的生长面积约为0.38 ha,在湖岸的生长面积约为0.95 ha。在暴露的海岸上,每1 m2平均有2155±1241.5个Elatine piper斑块,平均覆盖面积为23.17%。种子库分析表明,海底沉积物中的种子和种子壳明显比海岸砂或淤泥中丰富。每升土壤平均种子数为85.8±210.2粒,平均种壳数为217.0±265.8粒。根据国际自然保护联盟(IUCN)的标准,对立陶宛物种状况的评估使我们得出结论,它现在应该被列为易危物种[A3;B1ab (iii);C2a (ii);D2)。保护Elatine hydropiper和其他生态和生物学特征相似的共生稀有物种,以及浅滩和暴露湿滩植物群落,关键是保护其栖息地。湖泊的水位反复出现显著波动,导致定期出现没有多年生植被的湿沙或淤泥斑块,可确保该物种及其栖息地的生存。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Study on the Rare Semiaquatic Plant Elatine hydropiper (Elatinaceae) in Lithuania: Population Density, Seed Bank and Conservation Challenges.
BACKGROUND Wet, intermittently flooded freshwater coastal and shallow water habitats are notable for their high biodiversity. Many of the usually semiaquatic annuals or small perennials common in such habitats are in decline due to the high sensitivity of such habitats to changes caused by anthropogenic and natural factors. The Euro-Siberian semiaquatic Elatine hydropiper rarely occurs in Lithuania and is protected there and in other Baltic and Central European countries. In 2020, we found a large population of Elatine hydropiper in southern Lithuania (Varėna district) in Lake Pabezninkai and its exposed shores. The water level of the lake has receded by about 1.5-1.6 m since 2018, exposing wide, wet, and sandy or silty shores. The aim of this study was to determine the status of the Elatine hydropiper population and to assess its potential for long-term survival. The objectives of the study were to (a) determine the size and quantitative characteristics of the population, (b) assess the seed bank in the shallows and exposed shores of the lake, (c) assess the species diversity in the communities with Elatine hydropiper, (d) evaluate the conservation value of the studied species and the lake habitat. METHODS The studies were carried out between 2020 and 2021. The number and coverage of plant patches as well as seed bank studies were carried out at three sites with different shoreline substrate. At each site, the number of patches and coverage was assessed in 50 sample plots of 100 cm2. The seed bank was examined in the top 5 cm of the substrate. A total of 90 substrate samples were analyzed. RESULTS We found that Elatine hydropiper grows on ca. 0.38 ha in the lake and on ca. 0.95 ha on the shores. On the exposed shores, the mean number of Elatine hydropiper patches per 1 m2 was 2155 ± 1241.5 and their mean cover was 23.17% of the surface. Seed bank analyses revealed that the seeds and seed shells were significantly more abundant in the bottom sediments than in the shore sand or silt. The mean number of seeds per liter of soil was 85.8 ± 210.2, and the mean number of seed shells was 217.0 ± 265.8. CONCLUSIONS The assessment of the status of the species in Lithuania according to the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) criteria has led us to conclude that it should now be classified as vulnerable [A3; B1ab(iii); C2a(ii); D2]. The key to protecting Elatine hydropiper and other co-occurring rare species with similar ecological and biological characteristics, as well as the plant communities of shallows and exposed wet banks, is to protect their habitats. The survival of the species and their habitats could be assured by recurring significant water level fluctuations in the lake, resulting in periodic emergence of patches of wet sand or silt free from perennial vegetation.
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来源期刊
Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark
Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
3.40
自引率
3.20%
发文量
301
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: FBL is an international peer-reviewed open access journal of biological and medical science. FBL publishes state of the art advances in any discipline in the area of biology and medicine, including biochemistry and molecular biology, parasitology, virology, immunology, epidemiology, microbiology, entomology, botany, agronomy, as well as basic medicine, preventive medicine, bioinformatics and other related topics.
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