牲畜排除对北卡罗莱纳州肉牛牧场污染物出口的影响

IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q3 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
D. Line, Barbara A. Doll
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引用次数: 0

摘要

将肉牛排除在两条河流之外导致氮、磷和沉积物出口显著减少。在四年或更长时间的排除后,营养物质和沉积物出口的减少有所改善。暴雨样品中氮、磷浓度的下降幅度大于基流样品。摘要在北卡罗来纳州中部的一个牛肉和养猪场,安装了围栏,以防止牛进入相邻的两条小溪。这两条河流,被称为UTA和North,起源于用于肉牛生产和猪粪便应用的牧场。在设置围栏前1.34年和设置围栏后1.8年,对降雨量和排放量进行了连续监测,以量化排除牲畜对源自牧场的两条河流的污染物输出/负荷的影响。监测结果显示,通过北流出口的总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)和总悬浮固体(TSS)分别减少了15%、54%和67%。对UTA河流的监测在最初的1.8年之后的3.7年重新开始,持续了约1年,以评估自然植被生长和河道土壤恢复的效果。两个时期TN、TP和TSS的总减少量分别为39%、64%和74%。与最初的1.8年监测期相比,监测后期TN、TP和TSS的出口分别下降了13%、60%和22%。这些结果表明,隔离围栏在前1.8年有效地减少了污染物的出口,并且在大约4年后其有效性有所增加。因此,报告在排除后的前2至4年有效的研究可能低估了排除围栏的长期有效性。关键词:最佳管理规范,排放监测,牲畜排除。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Effects of Livestock Exclusion on Pollutant Export From a North Carolina Beef Cow Pasture
Highlights Exclusion of beef cattle from two streams resulted in significant reductions in nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediment exports. Reductions in nutrient and sediment export improved following four or more years of exclusion. Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in storm samples decreased more than those in baseflow samples. Abstract. Fences were installed to exclude cattle from two adjacent small streams on a beef and swine farm located in central North Carolina. The two streams, referred to as UTA and North, originated in a pasture used for beef cow production and the application of swine waste. Rainfall and discharge were continuously monitored for 1.34 years prior to and 1.8 years after the fencing was installed in order to quantify the effect of the livestock exclusion on pollutant export/loads in the two streams originating in the pasture. Monitoring results documented reductions in total nitrogen (TN), phosphorus (TP), and total suspended solids (TSS) exports via the North stream of 15%, 54%, and 67%, respectively. Monitoring on the UTA stream was restarted 3.7 years after the initial 1.8 years and continued for about 1 year to assess the effect of natural vegetation growth and stream channel soil recovery. The combined reductions for the two periods were 39%, 64%, and 74% for TN, TP, and TSS, respectively. Exports of TN, TP, and TSS during the later monitoring period decreased by 13%, 60%, and 22%, respectively, compared to the initial 1.8-year monitoring period. These results indicated that exclusion fencing was effective at reducing pollutant exports during the first 1.8 years and that its effectiveness increased after about four years. Consequently, studies that report effectiveness during the first 2 to 4 years after exclusion likely underestimate the long-term effectiveness of the exclusion fencing. Keywords: Best management practices, Discharge monitoring, Livestock exclusion.
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CiteScore
3.10
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