Efficacy of Senna Leaves Extract and Rosuvastatin on Blood Parameters of Inducing Hyperlipidemia Laboratory Rats

The current study was conducted at the Department of Food Sciences / College of Agriculture / Tikrit University. This study used 20 albino male rats obtained from College of Veterinary Medicine / Tikrit University: Their ages ranged between (3-4) weeks and weights ranged between (160-175 g); The period of experiment lasted for sixty days starting from (1-4- until 1-6-2021). They were randomly divided into 4 groups and each group consists of 5 rats. The first group considered as the control group. While the second group represented the fat-treated group, in which the rats feedon diet at a concentration of 500 mg.kg-1 weight of the animal. The third group has given the Rosuvastatin which was Effect of hyper pad concentration of 500 mg.kg-1 weight of the animal, and on day 30 it was treated with Rosuvastatin at a concentration of 20 mg.kg-1 weight of the animal for a period of 30 days until the end of the experiment. The fourth group represented the Sana makki, which was fed a high-fat diet at a concentration of 500 mg/kg of animal weight, and on day 30 it was treated with Sana makki at a concentration of 0.5-1mg.kg for a period of 30 days until the end of the experiment. Blood was drawn from all groups from the eye socket at time 0, i.e. before starting the experiment and its treatments, and then after the end of the specified period of the experiment, the rats were prevented from eating for approximately 24 hours, then blood was drawn from the eye socket after placing it in the inventory box to prevent it from moving, as it collected approximately (1-2) ml of blood for the purpose of conducting blood parameters, then the animals were killed, and 3 ml of each animal was taken and placed in tubes containing an anticoagulant substance to separate the serum and conduct biochemical tests. It was observed through the current study that the effect of lipids was clear by causing a significant decrease While Rosuvastatin caused a significant decrease in the level of white blood cells when compared with the control group and when compared with the time of the start of the experiment, while Rosuvastatin caused a significant increase in (total number of red blood cells, hemoglobin concentration, platelets and packed cells volume) within the same group when compared with the start time of the experiment. While the aqueous extract of Sana makki had a clear role by returning the levels of blood parameters to their normal status when compared with the fat-treated group. Regarding the biochemical parameters (cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) it was found that the use of fat in the ration caused significant increase (0.05) in all parameters except high-density lipoprotein HDL when compared with the control group on the one hand and when compared with the start time of the experiment on the other hand. When using Rosuvastatin, it was noted that it caused a significant decrease (0.05) in cholesterol level, while Rosuvastatin contributed to the return of (triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)) to normal, and Rosuvastatin caused a significant increase in (low-density lipoprotein, LDL, Very high density when compared with the control group on the one hand and when compared with the start time of the experiment on the other hand. The positive effect of the aqueous extract of Sena was clear through its effect on all parameters, causing them to return to their normal values. We conclude through this study that Sena is considered as best natural compound to use for the purpose of controlling most of the biochemical parameters in the body and by preserving blood components from harmful effects, despite the role played by Rosuvastatin, but Sena is considered the best sometimes because it is free of chemical substances.