蔓延帮派:向萨尔瓦多输出美国犯罪资本

IF 10.5 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

American Economic Review Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI:10.1257/aer.20201540

María Micaela Sviatschi

{"title":"蔓延帮派:向萨尔瓦多输出美国犯罪资本","authors":"María Micaela Sviatschi","doi":"10.1257/aer.20201540","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows how deportation policies can backfire by disseminating not only ideas between countries but also criminal networks, spreading gangs, in this case, across El Salvador, and spurring migration back to the United States. In 1996, the US Illegal Immigration Responsibility Act increased the number of criminal deportations. In particular, the members of large Salvadoran gangs developed in Los Angeles were sent back to El Salvador. Using variation in criminal deportations over time and across cohorts, combined with geographical variation in US gangs’ location, I find that these deportations led to an increase in homicide rates and gang activity, as well as an increase in gang recruitment and migration of children. (JEL J15, J18, K37, K42, O17)","PeriodicalId":48472,"journal":{"name":"American Economic Review","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.5000,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"7","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Spreading Gangs: Exporting US Criminal Capital to El Salvador\",\"authors\":\"María Micaela Sviatschi\",\"doi\":\"10.1257/aer.20201540\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"This paper shows how deportation policies can backfire by disseminating not only ideas between countries but also criminal networks, spreading gangs, in this case, across El Salvador, and spurring migration back to the United States. In 1996, the US Illegal Immigration Responsibility Act increased the number of criminal deportations. In particular, the members of large Salvadoran gangs developed in Los Angeles were sent back to El Salvador. Using variation in criminal deportations over time and across cohorts, combined with geographical variation in US gangs’ location, I find that these deportations led to an increase in homicide rates and gang activity, as well as an increase in gang recruitment and migration of children. (JEL J15, J18, K37, K42, O17)\",\"PeriodicalId\":48472,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"American Economic Review\",\"volume\":\"19 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":10.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-06-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"7\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"American Economic Review\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"96\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20201540\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"经济学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ECONOMICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"American Economic Review","FirstCategoryId":"96","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20201540","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ECONOMICS","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

摘要

这篇论文表明，驱逐政策不仅会在国家之间传播思想，还会传播犯罪网络，在这种情况下，在萨尔瓦多各地传播帮派，并刺激移民回到美国，从而产生适得其反的效果。1996年，美国《非法移民责任法案》增加了刑事驱逐的数量。特别是，在洛杉矶发展起来的大型萨尔瓦多帮派的成员被遣返回萨尔瓦多。通过对不同时期和不同群体的犯罪驱逐的变化，结合美国帮派所在地的地理变化，我发现这些驱逐导致了凶杀率和帮派活动的增加，以及帮派招募和儿童移民的增加。(j15, j18, k37, k42, o17)

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

查看原文本刊更多论文

Spreading Gangs: Exporting US Criminal Capital to El Salvador

This paper shows how deportation policies can backfire by disseminating not only ideas between countries but also criminal networks, spreading gangs, in this case, across El Salvador, and spurring migration back to the United States. In 1996, the US Illegal Immigration Responsibility Act increased the number of criminal deportations. In particular, the members of large Salvadoran gangs developed in Los Angeles were sent back to El Salvador. Using variation in criminal deportations over time and across cohorts, combined with geographical variation in US gangs’ location, I find that these deportations led to an increase in homicide rates and gang activity, as well as an increase in gang recruitment and migration of children. (JEL J15, J18, K37, K42, O17)

求助全文

通过发布文献求助，成功后即可免费获取论文全文。去求助

来源期刊

American Economic Review ECONOMICS-

CiteScore

18.60

自引率

2.80%

发文量

122

期刊介绍： The American Economic Review (AER) stands as a prestigious general-interest economics journal. Founded in 1911, it holds the distinction of being one of the nation's oldest and most esteemed scholarly journals in economics. With a commitment to academic excellence, the AER releases 12 issues annually, featuring articles that span a wide spectrum of economic topics.