RESPON TEMBAKAU MADURA TERHADAP DUA TIPE PUPUK ORGANIK

Penelitian dilaksanakan untuk menclaah pengaruh dua tipe pupuk organik yaitu pupuk organik dari hasil samping industri yang diperkaya atau selanjutnya disebut Pupuk Organik Diperkaya (POD) dan pupuk kandang dari kotoran sapi terhadap sifat fisik tanah, serapan hara, keragaan tanaman, hasil dan mutu tembakau madura. Percobaan dilakukan dari bulan April sampai September 2002. Percobaan lapang pada tanah tegal di Desa Guluk-guluk, Kecamatan Guluk-guluk, Kabupaten Sumenep. Per¬ lakuan tcrdiri dari sembilan kombinasi dosis (0-7 000 kg/ha) dan tipe pupuk organik (POD dan pupuk kandang) dengan empat ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa POD lebih unggul dalam kandungan hara dan pengaruhnya pada tembakau dibanding pupuk kandang. POD dapat meningkatkan kadar air tanah pada kapasitas lapang dan konsentrasi K dalam tanaman. Perlakuan terbaik adalah POD dosis 5 000 kg/ha dengan bobot daun rajangan kering 1 156 kg/ha, indeks mutu 73.4 dan indeks tanaman 77.2. POD dosis 1 000 kg/ha menghasilkan daun rajangan kering 849 kg/ha, indeks mutu 76.8 dan indeks tanaman 60.0. Dosis POD tersebut lebih baik dibanding pupuk kandang yang sama. Respon tembakau terhadap dosis POD 7 000 kg/ha lebih jelek dibanding 5 000 kg/ha.Kata kunci : Tembakau, Nicotiana tabacum L., pupuk organik, pupuk kandang, hasil mutu ABSTRACT Responses of madura tobacco to two types of organic fetilizersThe research was conducted to find out the effect of the Enriched Organic Fertilizer (POD) of industrial by product and Farmyard Manure (FYM) on soil physical properties, nutrient uptake, plant performance, yield, and quality of madura tobacco. Field experiment was conducted from April to September 2002 in upland ield of Guluk-guluk village, Guluk-guluk sub district, Sumenep. The research used randomized completely block design (RCBD) with 9 combinations of organic fertilizer kinds and dosages and 4 replications. The results showed that the POD gave higher effect and nutrient contents than that of FYM. The POD could increase the field capacity soil moisture and K biomass concentration. The best treatment of the POD was 5 000 kg/ha, which gave yield I 156 kg, dried sliced leaves/ha, quality index 73.4 and crop index 77.2. The application of the POD 1 000 kg/ha produced 849 kg dried sliced leaves/ ha, quality index 76.8, and crop index 60.0, which was better than that of FYM 5 000 kg/ha. The application of POD 7 000 kg/ha caused worse response of tobacco compared to that of 5 000 kg/ha.Key words : Tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum L. organic fetilizers, farmyard manure, yield, quality