Simulation studies of fleet vehicle selection in terms of pollutant emissions

This article presents the vehicle selection problem in the vehicle fleet of a retail and service company. In practical solutions, fleet managers focus on minimising TCO (total cost of ownership) while ignoring the impact of the fleet on the environment. Therefore, a literature review of current solutions in fleet selection and their determinants is presented. Considering the latest trends and regulations, an optimisation model for vehicle selection was developed, considering the issues of emissions and external costs. The developed model was implemented in a simulation environment, and a sensitivity analysis of the solutions obtained was carried out. The research made it possible to indicate the impact of the pollutant emission factor on the fleet structure.