资本主义与反奴隶制:比较视角下的英国动员

OUP Catalogue Pub Date : 1988-12-01 DOI:10.2307/1873597
Seymour Drescher
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引用次数: 166

摘要

1787年至1788年,随着第一次大规模反对奴隶贸易的运动,英国废奴主义的时代得到了巩固,仅仅半个世纪后的1838年,一场反对黑人学徒制的大规模请愿运动结束了废奴主义的时代。德雷舍尔关注的是这关键的五十年,当时帝国的人民有效地施加压力,并最终改变了国家政策。他对英国成功的反奴隶制斗争的根源、性质和意义进行了重大的重新评估,阐明了反奴隶制历史上的一个新转折,在废除奴隶制的过程中,最有效的代理人是包括工人男女在内的非奴隶群众。这不仅使英国区别于古罗马、中世纪西欧和近代早期的俄罗斯,而且在规模和持续时间上,也使英国区别于19世纪的欧洲大陆国家。在更大的国内和国际事件的背景下观察英国废奴主义,这本具有挑衅性的研究挑战读者重新审视英国历史上一个重要时代的奴隶制政治和社会变革。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Capitalism and antislavery : British mobilization in comparative perspective
The age of British abolitionism came into consolidated strength in 1787-88 with the first mass campaign against the slave trade and ended just half a century later in 1838 with a mass petition movement against Negro Apprenticeship. Drescher focuses on this critical fifty-year period, when the people of the Empire effectively pressured and eventually altered national policy. Presenting a major reassessment of the roots, nature, and significance of Britain's successful struggle against slavery, he illuminates a novel turn in the history of antislavery, when for the first time, the most effective agents in the abolition process were non-slave masses, including working men and women. This not only set Britain off from ancient Rome, medieval western Europe, and early modern Russia, but, in scale and duration, it distinguished Britain from its 19th-century continental European counterparts as well. Viewing British abolitionism against the backdrop of larger national and international events, this provocative study challenges readers to look anew at the politics of slavery and social change in a prominent era of British history.
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