立陶宛的铁路:从沙俄到波罗的海铁路

IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Lijana Maskeliūnaitė
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引用次数: 2

摘要

立陶宛是一个过境国。它是东西方之间一块虽小但意义重大的领土。国家铁路的历史证实了这一事实,它始于沙皇俄国开始建设圣彼得堡和华沙之间的铁路。对俄罗斯和立陶宛铁路历史的研究并不多。此外,由于当时对沙皇制度的虚无主义态度,并非所有可用的信息都是可靠的。只有前苏联的一些铁路被写下来并被谈论。立陶宛铁路的历史也不例外。不同的文字资料提供了立陶宛第一条铁路建成的各种日期。它们反映了立陶宛铁路历史上的各种事件,因此必须考虑到所有这些事件。本文介绍了立陶宛铁路运输从沙俄到波罗的海铁路的演变,波罗的海铁路是目前在立陶宛实施的欧洲铁路项目。本文讨论了世界上最早的铁路,包括沙皇俄国的铁路,当时立陶宛铁路的历史开始了。本文还对立陶宛第一条铁路的修建、火车站的建设、运价的制定、铁路职工的选拔等进行了研究。本文作者运用了历史和网络资源以及长期从事铁路运输的个人经验。通过对沙皇家族日记和历史小说的研究,可以揭示一些不为人知的事实。作者结合欧洲铁路波罗的海铁路的建设对立陶宛的未来进行了思考。这篇文章对那些对立陶宛铁路的历史发展和未来感兴趣的读者很有帮助。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
RAILWAYS IN LITHUANIA: FROM TSARIST RUSSIA TO RAIL BALTICA
Lithuania is a transit country. It is a small but significant territory between East and West. This fact is substantiated by the history of the country railways, which started when Tsarist Russia launched the construction of the railway between Saint-Petersburg and Warsaw. There is not much research into the history of railways in Russia, also in Lithuania. Besides, not all available information is reliable due to the nihilistic attitudes towards Tsarism of that time. Only some of the railways in the former Soviet Union were written and talked about. The history of the Lithuania railway is not an exception. Different written sources provide a variety of dates for the first railway to be built in Lithuania. They mirror varied events in the history of Lithuanian railways, thus all of them must be taken into consideration. The article presents the evolution of Lithuanian railway transport from Tsarist Russia to Rail Baltica, which is the European railway project currently implemented in Lithuania. The article discusses the world’s first railways including the ones in Tsarist Russia when the history of Lithuanian railways started. The article also considers the building of the first railway in Lithuania, construction of railway stations, setting the transportation tariffs, selection of railway employees. The author of the article employs historical and online resources as well as a long-standing personal experience in railway transport. The research into Tsar Family’s diaries and historical novels makes it possible to disclose the facts that are not widely known. The author considers the future of Lithuania with reference to the construction of the European railway Rail Baltica. The article would be useful for the readers who are interested in the historical development and future of Lithuanian railways.
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来源期刊
Transport
Transport Engineering-Mechanical Engineering
CiteScore
3.40
自引率
5.90%
发文量
19
审稿时长
4 months
期刊介绍: At present, transport is one of the key branches playing a crucial role in the development of economy. Reliable and properly organized transport services are required for a professional performance of industry, construction and agriculture. The public mood and efficiency of work also largely depend on the valuable functions of a carefully chosen transport system. A steady increase in transportation is accompanied by growing demands for a higher quality of transport services and optimum efficiency of transport performance. Currently, joint efforts taken by the transport experts and governing institutions of the country are required to develop and enhance the performance of the national transport system conducting theoretical and empirical research. TRANSPORT is an international peer-reviewed journal covering main aspects of transport and providing a source of information for the engineer and the applied scientist. The journal TRANSPORT publishes articles in the fields of: transport policy; fundamentals of the transport system; technology for carrying passengers and freight using road, railway, inland waterways, sea and air transport; technology for multimodal transportation and logistics; loading technology; roads, railways; airports, ports, transport terminals; traffic safety and environment protection; design, manufacture and exploitation of motor vehicles; pipeline transport; transport energetics; fuels, lubricants and maintenance materials; teamwork of customs and transport; transport information technologies; transport economics and management; transport standards; transport educology and history, etc.
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