Vision Zero: Evolution History and Developing Trend in Road Safety: A Scoping Review

Background: Vision Zero is a public policy approach that aims to achieve a road traffic system with no fatalities or serious injuries caused by road traffic crashes (RTCs). Objective: This study aimed to investigate the history of Vision Zero's evolution and trends in road safety worldwide. Methods: This scoping review was conducted based on the Arksey and O’Malley and the Joanna Briggs Institute framework. This framework consists of five steps: research question identification; identifying relevant studies; selection of study; data charting; gathering, summarizing, and reporting the results. Results: Finally, 37 articles met the inclusion criteria. The trending of deaths caused by RTCs in the countries implementing Vision Zero shows a decline. There is an intercountry variation with the most substantial decrease in Sweden. Conclusion: Vision Zero has had an evolutionary development in many countries. Due to the significant impact of the implementation of Vision Zero, many countries are seeking to adopt or implement this approach. Although there are some challenges in implementing Vision Zero in different countries but based on its philosophy, there is a growing rate for implementing it in different settings.