Testing different methods of grape seed germination

Introduction: The Vitis seeds generally have very low germination rates unless endodormancy has been overcome (ellis et al. 1983). Seed dormancy in grape is often attributed to a thick and tough seed coat that can be a mechanical barrier to germination (Conner 2008). In general, seed dormancy removal is achieved by cold stratification of seeds in a period of 3 to 4 months, although in many V. vinifera L. cultivars, this treatment results in only modest germination percentages (selim et al. 1981, ellis et. al. 1983). Other reasons for poor germination can be incomplete physiological maturity (not fully developed endosperm and embryo, when seeds are harvested too early), inappropriate germination technique and/or unfavourable weather conditions during vegetation. The rate and dynamics of seed germination varies considerably depending on the species. The germination rates of V. vinifera and V. labrusca L. are generally lower than 30 %, whereas the germination rates of V. rupestris Scheele, V. riparia Michx. and V. acerifolia Raf. are ranging from 40 % to almost 100 % (rombough 2002).