当代世界的生命安全与受害:实证测量的经验

Каразіна
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文致力于研究生命安全和社会受害指标的实证测量。关注的重点是官方统计在反映犯罪蔓延的真实状况方面存在的问题,以及确定其预测作用及其与旨在打击和预防某些类型犯罪的国家政策之间关系的必要性。本文分析了世界各国,特别是欧美国家开展被害人研究的经验。国内人口安全问题研究的特点。概述他们在现代犯罪学、受害者学、安全社会学和安全学中的作用。分析了安全指标与社会受害的关系。根据实证社会学研究“社会不平等:乌克兰社会的感知”获得的数据,在乌克兰社会学协会(SAU)的国际基金“复兴”的财政支持下(2017年8月至9月),试图评估当代乌克兰的公共安全水平,其根据受害程度区分领土-行政单位。分析了安全感作为个人发展和人际关系构建的先决条件在日常活动中的表现。证明了个体的安全状态取决于安全程度和受害程度。明确了举报人安全感与社会地位的关系。关于交通事故、盗窃、抢劫、抢劫、危害生命和健康犯罪等犯罪发生率的系统数据。关于特定罪行的官方区域统计数据与社会学和受害者学研究结果的比较分析。结论关于通过现有的统计核算制度客观评价犯罪情况。社会学与被害人学研究在我国预防犯罪蔓延中的应用前景。强调了使用社会学指标来评估潜在犯罪程度的必要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The life safety and victimization in contemporary world: the experience of empirical measurement
The article is devoted to the study of the empirical measurement of indicators of life safety and victimization of society. Attention is focused on the problems of official statistics regarding the reflection of the real state of the spread of crime, as well as the need to determine its prognostic role and its relationship with state policy, which is aimed at countering and preventing certain types of crimes. The article analyses the world experience of conducting victimological research, particularly in Europe and the United States. The features of the domestic research on the problems underlying the security of the population. Outlines their role in modern criminology, victimology, sociology of security and securitology. The relationship between indicators of safety and the victimization of society is analyzed. Based on data obtained through empirical sociological study "Social inequalities: the perception by the Ukrainian society" conducted with the financial support of International Fund "Revival" of the Sociological Association of Ukraine (SAU) (August-September 2017), attempted to evaluate the level of public security in contemporary Ukraine, its differentiated territorially-administrative units according to their level of victimization. Analyzed the performance of the sense of security as a prerequisite of personal development and building interpersonal relations daily activities. It is proved that the state of security of the individual depends on the level of security and level of victimization. Defined the relationship between sense of security and social status of the informants. Systematic data on the prevalence of such crimes as traffic accidents, thefts, robberies, robberies, crimes against life and health. The comparative analysis of data of official regional statistics in relation to specified offences and the results of sociological and victimological research. Conclusions regarding the objective assessment of the crime situation through the existing system of statistical accounting. The prospects for application of the sociological and victimological research to prevent the spread of crime in our country. Attention is accented on the necessity of sociological indicators to assess the extent of latent crime.
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