紫锥藻侵染对玉米产量的影响。

Journal of Food Agriculture & Environment Pub Date : 2012-01-13 DOI:10.5772/31475

T. Rusu, P. Guș, I. Bogdan, P. Moraru, A. Pop, M. Sopterean, L. Pop

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引用次数: 6

摘要

不同种类的杂草对农业植物生产的影响问题已被许多研究者所研究。杂草对玉米作物的危害多为30-70%，当危害较强时，可使栽培完全受损。我们的研究重点发生在特兰西瓦尼亚，并重点研究了棘藻跨galli物种(L.)的影响。朋友,选择性。而其他杂草对玉米产量的影响，根据程度而定。这项研究是在罗马尼亚克卢日纳波卡的农业科学和兽医大学进行的。试验采用氮磷钾100 kg /ha不施肥和矿肥施肥两种方式。未施肥的玉米作物已制成四种不同程度侵染紫锥虫的变种，侵染程度从每平方米40株到100株不等。四种除草剂(异氟醇750克/升;乙酰氯860g /l;二甲基萘醌900克/升;施用苯达松320 g/l +麦草畏90 g/l。在成熟期测定杂草生物量和玉米植株及粮食产量。杂草侵袭的玉米生长乏力，呈黄绿色;在未施肥的玉米田中，形成了层状的杂草种群:在上层占优势的是紫锥藻(Echinochloa cross -galli)，在上层占优势的是毛狗尾草(Setaria glauca)。测定。中层发育，下层发育若干双子叶种。在施肥变异中，杂草与玉米之间以及单子叶与双子叶物种之间的竞争更为平衡，未施肥地块双子叶物种的生物量为1700 kg/ha，矿物施肥地块为4100 kg/ha。杂草的数量对玉米籽粒产量和绿质量有明显的影响。按每公顷绿草质量计算的生产损失可以认为等于绿草的重量。当绿重为18052 kg/ha的紫锥藻密度为104株/ m2时，玉米作物完全受损。

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Influence of infestation with Echinochloa crus-galli species on crop production in corn.

The problem of the influence of different species of weeds on the production of agricultural plants has been studied by many researchers. The damage caused by weeds in maize crop is mostly of 30-70%, and when the infestation is strong the culture can be fully compromised. Our research highlight takes place in Transylvania, and focuses on the influence of Echinochloa crus-galli species (L.) Pal. Beauv. and other weeds on corn production, according to the degree of infestation. The research was conducted at the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The research was done on two agrofunds: unfertilized and mineral fertilized with NPK 100 kg s.a./ha. The unfertilized maize crop has been made in four variants with different degrees of infestation of Echinochloa crus-galli, from about 40 to 100 plants/m 2 . Four herbicides (isoxaflutol 750 g/l; acetoclor 860 g/l; dimetenamid 900 g/l; bentazon 320 g/l + dicamba 90 g/l) were used for weed control in fertilized plots . Weed biomass and corn plant and grain production were measured in the ripening stage. Corn invaded by weeds grew weakly and had a yellowish green color; in unfertilized corn plots a stratified weed population developed: Echinochloa crus-galli dominated in the upper layer, Setaria glauca (L.) Beauv. developed in the middle and a number of dicotyledonous species in the lower layer. In fertilized variant, the competition between weeds and maize on one hand and between monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous species on the other hand was more balanced, the biomass of dicotyledonous species ranged from 1700 kg/ha in unfertilized plots to 4100 kg/ha in mineral fertilized plots. The amount of weeds, obviously influenced production levels of maize grain and green mass. Production losses in terms of green mass per hectare can be considered equal to the weight of green weeds. At a density of 104 plants/m 2 of Echinochloa crus-galli with green mass of 18,052 kg/ha corn crop was fully compromised.

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来源期刊

Journal of Food Agriculture & Environment 农林科学-食品科技

自引率

0.00%

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审稿时长

2.9 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment (JFAE) publishes peer-reviewed articles, original research, critical reviews or short communications in food science and technology, human nutrition, animal sciences; agricultural and environmental sciences. This journal encourages articles on interdisciplinary research in the fields of food, agriculture and environment. The core objective of this journal is to enlighten and encourage research on cutting-age themes and innovations by scientists, researchers, students, professionals, academicians, policy-makers, and stake holders. The JFAE also considers manuscripts on ethical and socio-economic issues related to modern agricultural or environmental sciences. The Journal also offers advertisement space for special announcements from, and employment opportunities within, food, agricultural and environmental organizations in public and private sectors.