老年人便秘及其适当管理

A. Kurniawan, Ulfa Kholili, Novira Widajanti
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引用次数: 0

摘要

便秘是社会上常见的一种胃肠道疾病,特别是在老年人中有各种合并症。随着年龄的增长,发病率的增加,治疗费用的增加,以及生活质量的下降,这一问题达到了顶峰。一些潜在的原因是便秘术语的差异,对其病理生理的理解不深,以及管理不善。慢传输型便秘、排便失调和正常传输型便秘的病理生理是控制便秘最重要的基础。诊断方法应通过记录病史,包括基于罗马III的主诉、生活方式、影响因素、既往病史和药物。没有直肠检查,体格检查是不完整的。彻底的病史记录和全面的体格检查比额外的生理检查更有诊断价值。便秘的管理包括非药物和药物的方法,如传统的泻药或最近的药物疗效更好。治疗管理应符合潜在的病理生理。因此,在老年人中,能够认识到便秘并采取正确的治疗方法是很重要的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Constipation in Elderly Population and Its Appropriate Management
Constipation is a gastrointestinal disorder commonly found in the community, especially in the elderly with various comorbidities. This problem culminates with the increasing incidence along with aging, increasing therapeutic cost, and decreasing the quality of life in this population. Some of the underlying causes are the difference in the terminology of constipation, shallow understanding of its pathophysiology, and poor management. The pathophysiology, including slow transit constipation, dyssynergic defecation, and normal transit constipation, is the most critical foundation in managing constipation accordingly. Diagnostic approaches should be made by history taking, including complaints based on Rome III, lifestyle, contributing factors, past medical history, and medications. Physical examination is considered incomplete without rectal examination. Thorough history taking and comprehensive physical examination have more diagnostic value than additional physiological workup. Management of constipation consists of non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches, such as conventional laxative or more recent agents with better efficacy. Therapeutical management should correspond to the underlying pathophysiology. Therefore it is important to be able to recognize constipation and make the right management approach in the elderly.
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