Serodiagnosis of toxoplasma gondii, associated risk factors in domesticated cats: preventing zoonosis in humans and implications for livestock extension

Toxoplasmosis, an important zoonotic parasitic disease-causing infection in humans and contaminating the environment. Cats are the sole source of spreading infection. Current study was designed to serodiagnoses in the flooded area, Jhang, Pakistan. Using rapid identification pen side strip test 316 pet cats were examined at CVAS, Jhang and other private clinics in that area. Rapid ID Chromatographic immune assay was performed to detect the antibodies for Feline toxoplasma IgM and IgG in serum. Related associated risk factors like breed, sex, contact with other livestock animals, deworming, location type (urban or rural area), diet (nature of food either cooked or uncooked meat), and outdoor access for wandering were also interviewed by owner. Total seroprevalence of cats was 10.4% (33/316). IgG antibodies were found 9.09 (29/316) while IgM antibodies were 2.21% (7/316) in cats. Seroprevalence was significantly high in cats older than one year. No significant difference was recorded between males and females. Cats from peri urban areas showed higher prevalence. Cats having access to outside, contact with other animals and eating uncooked food showed high seroprevalence. The current study confirms that Toxoplasma gondii is widespread in pet animals in district Jhang, Pakistan. This study urges pets lower to be aware about the Toxoplasmosis diseases. Whereas, the livestock extension sector should disseminate the precautionary awareness among the public