Design of miniature dielectric-loaded trihelix antenna for multi-band cellular telephone handsets

Dielectric-loaded twisted loop mobile antennas have been developed to provide multi-band communication while minimizing the radiation exposure of the human's body. Early versions of such antenna structure are known as bifilar and bihelix antennas, respectively. This paper discusses ways to enhance the radiation characteristics of the bihelix antenna and then develops a new structure called trihelix. We show that the trihelix antenna is capable of providing more resonant bands for modern mobile communication handsets. The work is performed using an efficient simulation tool and the paper concludes by showing that such helical antennas still have the potential to fulfil the operation requirements of cellular telephone handsets used nowadays.