Gender aspects of the prevalence of smoking among patients with diseases of the circulatory system (based on a sociological survey in the Sverdlovsk region)

Introduction. Tobacco smoking is the most dangerous and significant risk factor for diseases of the circulatory system and an increase in premature mortalityAim. To study the gender aspects of the prevalence of smoking in connection with the sex and age characteristics and the level of education of patients with diseases of the circulatory system.Materials and methods. A total of 422 people were interviewed (267 women and 155 men). Sample – target spontaneous filling; the questionnaire was filled out in paper form at an outpatient appointment.Results. Among the surveyed patients with diseases of the circulatory system, the fact of smoking was confirmed by 29% of men and 6.4% of women. The most common image of a smoking person is a man aged 30-49 years (in this group, 55.6% smoke). Smoking is widespread among men aged 50 and older (every fourth smokes). Among women, the most susceptible to smoking is the age group of 30-49 years (15.3% smokers). Typical quitters include men aged 50-69 (58%) and women aged 30-49 (15.3%). The absence of the habit of smoking tobacco is most characteristic of the generation under the age of 29 years. According to the educational level, men with incomplete secondary and secondary education are susceptible to smoking (47.4% and 34.9%, respectively). Among men with secondary, secondary specialized and higher education, the share of those who quit smoking was relatively high (51.2%, 59.3% and 50%, respectively). The prevalence of tobacco smoking among women compared to men by educational groups is significantly lower: among people with secondary education – by 5.7 times (6.1% vs. 34.9%), with secondary specialized education – by 2.4 times (7.8% vs. 18.6%), with higher education – 5.2 times (5.6% vs. 29.4%).Conclusion. The data obtained update the development of programs for the prevention of smoking among patients with diseases of the circulatory system, taking into account gender, age and educational groups.