Comparison of methods using only voltage measurements for detecting the origin of voltage sags in the modern distribution networks

In this paper, we analysed two methods, M1 and M2, for determining in which network the voltage sags originated. The problem referred to the High Voltage (HV) and Medium Voltage (MV) systems interconnected by HV/MV stations. The methods were compared using time domain simulations, short circuits were forced on the HV or the MV network, the voltage sags were observed, and M1 and M2 were applied. Comparisons of M1 and M2 behaviours were done for the same network architecture with and without Distributed Generation (DG).