The role of innovative methods in combating emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere in shipping

The world merchant fleet covers about 90 % of all world trade. Over the past decades, there has been a growth trend and currently stands at 93,262 units, or 1.9 billion tons of deadweight. As the number of fleets grows, so does fuel consumption, which in turn increases emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere. Currently, annual carbon dioxide emissions are about 800 million tons. According to experts, this figure may double by 2060. International organizations are taking steps to reduce emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere. After analyzing the main methods of controlling emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere from ships and the realities of the modern maritime transport market, it should be noted that more attention should be paid to the problem of inefficient use of energy resources, as well as the development and implementation of innovative technologies in shipping. The irrational use of energy resources is often due to inefficient feedback between the participants in the maritime transport. Creation and development of a program based on a conceptual scheme should reduce the irrational costs of energy resources, which in turn will lead to a decrease in emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere in the industry of maritime transportation. The introduction of innovative technologies, and in particular, autonomous ships, needs more attention. Having considered such a project as YARA Birkeland, it should be noted that the development and development of ships with zero emissions should play a key role in solving the problem of emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere. Even in the early stages of developing autonomous ships, it is becoming clear that autonomous ships in synergy with existing concepts such as Slow Steaming can lead to revolutionary changes in environmental issues