难民营空间的设计和利用:一个有争议的地形的案例研究

IF 1.5 Q3 URBAN STUDIES
H. AlWaer, M. Sibley, Ian Cooper
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引用次数: 1

摘要

为大量流离失所和痛苦的人口提供基本住所的紧迫性往往意味着难民营的设计遵循“通用的自上而下的框架”,基本的人道主义和技术管理规划战略日益突出。这些通常是基于“庇护所”分配的普遍标准化及其在基于网格的住区布局中的重复。营地的规划预计将在短期或中期拆除和拆除。标准化是基于这样一种理解,即营地是一种短期解决方案,通常会形成军事风格的模块化空间层次结构,具有正式定义的边界。本文是基于对公共领域关于约旦Al-Zaatari叙利亚难民营的文献的系统回顾。尽管最初是强制统一的,但尽管困难重重,这个营地的故事是一个最初通过集体决心迅速转变的故事。联合国严格的正交网格被迅速覆盖和重新配置,以支持一种首选的生活方式,这种生活方式植根于难民人口先前的社会和文化规范的连续性。本文阐述了这些适应和改造的过程,并研究了居住者之间空间分布的演变,创造收入的机会的扩大,以及新的住房类型和服务的引入。早期干预是集体发起的。随着时间的推移,非正式市场力量的影响导致那些拥有资源的人比那些没有资源的人获得优势。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The design and use of space in refugee camps: a case study of a contested terrain
The urgency in providing basic shelter for a large, displaced and distressed population frequently means that the design of refugee camps follows a ‘generic top-down framework’ with basic humanitarian and techno-managerial planning strategies rising to the fore. These are usually based on a universal standardization for the allocation of ‘shelter’ and its repetition in a grid-based settlement layout. Camps are planned with an anticipation of removal and disassembly in the short or medium term. The standardization is based on the understanding that a camp is a short-term solution and typically results in a military-style modular spatial hierarchy with formally defined boundaries. This paper is based on a systematic review of literature in the public domain about the Al-Zaatari Syrian refugee camp in Jordan. Despite the originally imposed uniformity, against all odds, the story on the ground at this camp is one of a rapid transformation initially through collective determination. The UN ‘s strictly orthogonal grid was rapidly overlayed and reconfigured to support a preferred way of living anchored in continuity of the previous social and cultural norms of the refugee population. This paper illustrates these processes of adaptation and transformation and examines the evolving distribution of space between occupants, the expansion of opportunities for income generation, and the introduction of new housing typologies and services. Early interventions were collectively initiated. Qver time, the influence of informal market forces led to those with resources gained ascendancy over those with less.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
30.00%
发文量
20
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