Mathematical Modelling of HIV/AIDS Dynamics with Treatment and Vertical Transmission

This paper examines the dynamics of HIV/AIDS with treatment and vertical transmission. A nonlinear deterministic mathematical model for the problem is proposed and analysed qualitatively using the stability theory of differential equations. Local stability of the disease free equilibrium of the model was established by the next generation method. The results show that the disease free equilibrium is locally stable at threshold parameter less than unity and unstable at threshold parameter greater than unity. Globally, the disease free equilibrium is not stable due existence of forward bifurcation at threshold parameter equal to unity. However, it is shown that using treatment measures (ARVs) and control of the rate of vertical transmission have the effect of reducing the transmission of the disease significantly. Numerical simulation of the model is implemented to investigate the sensitivity of certain key parameters on the spread of the disease.