The contribution of cargo loading and discharging time to the loss and gain of coal: Empirical evidence from Indonesian ports

This research aimed to know both the direct and indirect contribution of cargo loading and discharging time to the Loss and gain of coal mediated by load quantity. The process of data collecting was done through secondary data taken from the loading port of Jetty in Samarinda Port and the discharging port of Muara Berau, East Kalimantan. During 2020, there was an average loss of coal cargo of as much as 56 percent. This was caused by the long waiting discharge time during the loading and discharging. Another problem was the long waiting discharge time, as many Mother Vessels, tugboats, and barges entered the Jetty port and made a density there. The research method used path analysis with the loading-discharging unit as the source of secondary data on the determining factors of load quantity and the Loss and gain of coal cargo. This research indicated that one of the dominant factors was waiting discharge time, as a problem frequently occurred when vessels would berth in the port for discharging activities. The key finding was the necessity for the competent party to pay special attention to the factors contributing to vessels’ waiting discharge time in the port by providing services as maximally as possible through human resources improvement in the form of training.