Recovery, storage, and preparation of epididymal and vas deferens sperm for insemination, cryopreservation, and shipping

Current technology allows preservation of sperm from testes and the distal reproductive tract if harvested after death determined largely by environmental and handling conditions (e.g. how long sperm remain viable within their nurturing structures postmortem) after death. Pregnancies are established using nonejaculated and even immotile sperm with appropriate preparation. There are very simple techniques available that can be employed by any practitioner to recover and prepare sperm from testes and the distal reproductive tract. This paper focuses on techniques for recovery, storage, and preparation of epididymal and vas deferens sperm, and techniques for shipping and cryopreservation.