Assessment of antiproliferative and toxic effects of a peptide from Momordica dioica using in vitro and in vivo studies

Abstract: Inflammation occurs during a cascade reaction to cause damage to the tissues. Increased oxidant and cytokine expression were observed in the damaged tissues. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may be a chronic and lethal disease of inflammation in gastro enteric tissue characterized by intestinal inflammation. The objective of the study was to investigate the toxicological effects of Peptide extract from Momordica dioica in treating colitis conditions. The isolated protein was digested with trypsin enzyme with an E:S ratio of 1:100 and the hydrolyzed peptides were analyzed using LCMS. The peak obtained at 678.67 Da at 17mins showed hydrophobic peptide and MALDI-TOF analysis which showed similar peaks at 3388.7Da. The results from the MTT assay showed the IC50 value of the peptide extract at 100µg/ml. Similarly, the acridine orange staining showed decreased green fluorescent nuclei cells than red fluorescent acidic vesicular organelles indicating autophagy-dependent cell death. The peptide extract displayed a cell viability effect on Colo-205 cells at 100 μg/ml when compared to the control. In the acute toxicity test, the mice were orally receiving peptide extract at a dose of 50-250 mg/kg BW for 14 days. The significant adverse effects were evident at a dose of 250mg/kg BW indicating that the LD50 value is lesser than 250 mg/kg.