巴斯克语不及物动词词根插入的三个层次

IF 0.2 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS
Ane Berro
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引用次数: 9

摘要

巴斯克语中的不及物动词根据其主语和助动词的选择而有所不同:(i)其中一些(被认为是非宾格和初格)总是有一个绝对主语和一个不及物助动词;(ii)其他(典型非否定句)表现出历时性和方言性的变化(绝对主语和不及物助词vs.否定主语和不及物助词);(三)其他否定主语和及物助动词跨方言使用的非否定动词。我们提出了一种亚词汇结构(Ramchand 2004, 2008),其中动词可以分解为三个子事件。巴斯克语中的非宾格动词是路径谓词,选择过程的V (V PROC P),在远动动词的情况下,以对立短语(PP)作为补语。具有不及物形态的非宾格动词和非否定动词都是类似的路径谓词,但它们可以选择过程的述位而不是结果PP。在具有及物形态的非否定动词中,不投射过程的V,但有少量的起始V (V INIT或V DO)。在巴斯克语中,动词根可以在三个层次上插入:vP、vP或PP。后两个层次在参与绝对格分配和不及物助动词选择的aspecalp之下。因此,根插入位置的不同会对对齐产生影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Three levels of root insertion in Basque intransitive verbs
Intransitive verbs in Basque vary depending on their subject case and auxiliary selection: (i) some of them (considered unaccusatives and inchoatives) always have an absolutive subject and an intransitive auxiliary; (ii) others (prototypical unergatives) show diachronic and dialectal variation (absolutive subject and intransitive auxiliary vs. ergative subject and transitive auxiliary); and (iii) other unergative verbs with which an ergative subject and a transitive auxiliary prevail cross-dialectally. We propose a sublexical structure (Ramchand 2004, 2008) where verbs can be decomposed in three subevents. Unaccusative verbs in Basque are Path predicates, selecting a V of process (V PROC P) that, in the case of telic verbs, takes an adpositional phrase (PP) as complement. Atelic unaccusative verbs and unergative verbs having intransitive morphology are similarly Path predicates, but instead of a result PP, they can select a Rheme of process. In unergative verbs with transitive morphology no V of process is projected, but a little v of initiation (v INIT or v DO ). Verbal roots may be inserted at three levels in Basque: vP, VP or PP. The last two are below an AspectualP involved in absolutive case assignment and intransitive auxiliary selection. Thus, depending on where the root is inserted has an effect on the alignment.
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来源期刊
Journal of Portuguese Linguistics
Journal of Portuguese Linguistics LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS-
CiteScore
1.10
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0.00%
发文量
11
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