喜马拉雅东部生态系统中大型真菌的多样性和分布

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
P. Pradhan, A. Dutta, S. Paloi, A. Roy, K. Acharya
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引用次数: 4

摘要

背景:东喜马拉雅地区生物多样性丰富,但受到人为活动和周期性自然灾害的威胁。目前的研究主要集中在大吉岭喜马拉雅地区的隐生真菌类群,这类真菌种类繁多,具有重要的生态意义,但从保护的角度来看却很少受到关注。材料与方法:于2013-2014年6 - 9月在印度西孟加拉邦大吉岭地区进行调查,在混交林和单作林中随机取样50个样带,取样面积为100x2 m。果体在实验室进行研究、收集和鉴定,并存放在加尔各答大学植物标本室。采样单位以地理为参考,物理气候因子来源于WORLDCLIM数据库。结果:大型真菌隶属47科72属98种;腐养菌占58.16%,外菌根占17.34%,寄生占10.2%。种数最多的科是Russulaceae(9种),其次是Marasmiaceae(4种)和Coprinaceae(3种)。外生菌根大型真菌主要寄生于栎、石栎和桦树的天然林分。唯一具有动物寄生能力的种是冬虫夏草和蛹虫草。仅6种腐养菌的相对丰度占总丰度的52.84%。结论:研究结果表明,该地区具有丰富的大型真菌多样性,与当地生态系统的功能密切相关。然而,与外生菌根物种相比,腐生菌的比例较高,表明区域森林受到干扰和退化。在大吉岭地区的罗拉岗、索纳达和拉梅杜拉等真菌区系的重要地点应优先进行进一步的研究和保护。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Diversity and distribution of macrofungi in the Eastern Himalayan ecosystem
Background: Eastern Himalayas have rich biodiversity but are threatened by anthropogenic activities and periodic natural calamities. The present investigation focused on the cryptogamic group of macrofungi in the Darjeeling Himalayas which are extremely diverse and ecologically significant, but have received very little attention from a conservation perspective. Material and Methods: Investigations were conducted during June-September of 2013-2014 in the Darjeeling district of West Bengal, India, wherein, local macrofungi were sampled in mixed to monoculture forests using 50 random transects 100x2 m. Fruit bodies were studied, collected, identified in the laboratory and deposited at Calcutta University Herbarium. Sampling units were georeferenced and physico-climatic factors were derived from the WORLDCLIM database. Results: The macrofungi belonged to 98 species representing 72 genera and 47 families; 58.16% were saprotrophs, 17.34% were ectomycorrhizal and 10.2% were parasitic. The most species-rich families were Russulaceae with 9 Russula species followed by Marasmiaceae with 4 Marasmius species and Coprinaceae with 3 Coprinus species. Most of the ectomycorrhizal macrofungi were hosted by natural stands of Quercus, Lithocarpus and Betula. The only species with zooparasitic capability were Cordyceps nutans and C. militaris. The relative abundance of only 6 saprotrophs communicatively accounted for 52.84% of the total abundance. Conclusions: The findings showed that this region is rich in macrofungal diversity intricately linked to the functioning of the local ecosystem. However, a high proportion of saprotrophs compared to ectomycorrhizal species suggests disturbance and degradation of regional forests. Mycofloristically important localities like Lolaygaon, Sonada, and Lameydhura in the Darjeeling district should be prioritized for further studies and future conservation action.
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来源期刊
Eurasian Journal of Biosciences
Eurasian Journal of Biosciences Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all)
CiteScore
1.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
期刊介绍: EurAsian Journal of BioSciences (Abbrev. Eurasia J Biosci or EJOBIOS) is an international, refereed electronic journal. It publishes the results of original research in the field of biological sciences restricted tomorphology, physiology, genetics, taxonomy, ecology and biogeography of both prokaryotic and eucaryotic organisms. The journal encourages submission of manuscripts dealing with plant biology, animal biology, plant physiology, microbiology, hydrobiology, ecology and environmental science, ethnobiology, biodiversity and conservation biology. EurAsian Journal of BioSciences publishes original articles in the following areas: -Agriculture, Fisheries & Food -Anatomy & Morphology -Behavioural Sciences -Biology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology -Biophysics -Biology Education -Cellular Biology and Anatomical Sciences -Ecology, Evolution & Environment -Entomology -Forestry -General Biology -Genetics & Heredity -Life Sciences - Other topics -Microbiology and Immunology -Molecular Biology -Mycology -Palaeontology -Parasitology -Pharmacology & Pharmacy -Physiology and Related Sciences -Plant Sciences -Toxicology -Veterinary Sciences -Virology -Zoology
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