鸡胸草散及提取物对豇豆储存性害虫斑斑小蛾的生物药效研究

Jean Wini Goudoungou, Félicité Arindo, Katamssadan Haman Tofel, Raoul Barry Borkeum, Jean Pierre Abdou, Elias Nchiwan Nukenine
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引用次数: 0

摘要

豇豆种子是撒哈拉以南非洲人口的重要蛋白质来源。但这一食物资源受到豇豆甲虫(Callosobruchus maculatus)严重破坏。这种害虫的防治主要是使用合成杀虫剂。尽管这种方法有效,但它造成了环境和健康问题。因此,迫切需要寻找替代方法。本研究主要从成虫死亡率、种群抑制和籽粒损害、种子活力保存和驱避等方面评价了百川草提取物对黄斑螟的生物功效。分别以2、4、8和16 g/kg剂量对野鼠成虫进行了叶粉和水提物的毒性和损伤生物学试验。采用0.5、1、2、4 mg/ cm2的水提液、甲醇提液和乙酸乙酯提液进行驱避试验。以每种植物提取物16 g/kg的单一浓度保存种子3个月,评价种子活力。豇豆提取物的显著致死率被归为III类驱避产品,而水提取物的驱避效果为IV类。综上所述,豇豆提取物可以很好地替代合成杀虫剂用于豇豆贮藏期的保护。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Bioefficacy of Plectranthus kirbii Powder and Extracts on Stored Cowpea Pest Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Cowpea seed constitutes an important source of proteins for populations in Sub-Saharan Africa. But this food resource is heavily damaged by cowpea beetle Callosobruchus maculatus. The control of that pest is mainly carried out by using synthetic insecticides. Despite the efficacy of this method, it caused environmental and health problems. Therefore, the search for alternative methods is vivaciously needed. In this issue, the bio-efficacy of Plectranthus kirbii extracts was assessed on C. maculatus regarding adult mortality, suppression of population and grain damage as well as seed viability preservation and repellency. The leaf powder and aqueous extracts of the plant were tested at 2, 4, 8 and 16 g/kg on bruchid adult for toxicity and damage bioas-says. Repellency test was carried out using the plant aqueous, methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts at 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 mg/cm 2 . The seed viability was eva-luated using seeds preserved for three months at the single concentration of 16 g/kg of each plant extract. Significant mortality of cowpea extracts were classified as the class III repellent product, while aqueous extract ranged as class IV in repellency. Considering these findings, the extracts of P. kirbii could favourably replace the synthetic insecticides used in the cowpea protection during storage.
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