Analysis of Security of Quantum Key Distribution Based on Entangled Photon Pairs by Model Checking

Quantum key distribution is a technique to securely distribute a bit string between two parties by using the laws of quantum mechanics. The security of this technique depends on the basis of quantum mechanics rather than the difficulty of the mathematical calculation as in the classical encoding. Researches in this field have shown that the quantum key distribution will be fully functioning outside the laboratory in a few years. Due to the complexity and the high efficiency of the device, the verification is needed. In this article, we use PRISM to verify the security of the quantum key distribution protocol, which uses the entangled photon based on BB84 protocol.