Reduction of oxidative stress and apoptosis in hyperlipidemic rats by composite oil (CO) of Sesamum indicum L. and Vicia faba L.

BACKGROUND: Hyperlipidemia associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is a global health issue that can be alleviated by functional foods. OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of composite oil (CO) of sesame seed oil (SSiO) and Vicia faba seed oil (SVfO) on inflammatory factors, ROS generation level, and cell apoptosis level on high lipid diet (HLD) induced hyperlipidemic rat model. METHODS: Hyperlipidemic rat model was developed by feeding HLD to the experimental rats for eight weeks. Male albino rats weighing around 200–210 g were randomly divided into three equal groups: group I: control, received a normal diet; group II: received HLD for eight weeks, and group III: received the HLD with CO orally. After 60 days of treatment, the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-10; tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-18, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cell apoptosis were serially assessed. RESULTS: After eight weeks of CO treatment, TNF- α, IL-18, CRP, and oxidative ROS generation significantly decreased in CO treated group (group III) compared to group II. On the other hand, IL-10 levels significantly increased in CO treated group compared to group II animals. It was also observed that the percentage of the late apoptotic cell reduced considerably in the CO treated group (group III) compared to HLD-fed animals (group II). CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the CO could prevent CVDs via suppressing oxidative stress, and ameliorating inflammation and apoptosis in hyperlipidemic rats.