影响农业企业牛奶生产效率的因素分析

Liudmyla Stepasyuk
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在乌克兰的乳制品亚综合体中,市场关系的成功在很大程度上取决于其产品的定价。事实证明,今天的价格是形成牛奶的竞争优势和决定其在乳制品市场份额的主要因素之一。在全球挑战的背景下,农业企业对销售价格的影响力有限,因此提高生产盈利能力的真正方向是降低生产成本。然而,研究表明,牛奶价格的形成可以通过产品质量受到生产者的影响。因此,由于脂肪和蛋白质含量的增长超过了基本标准,牛奶获得了更高或额外的等级,这使生产者能够获得附加费,从而提高了销售价格。盈利能力是生产效率的主要指标,它取决于很多因素,因此笔者研究了主要因素的影响,即产品的价格、成本和质量参数。事实证明,提高盈利水平可以通过降低生产成本,提高销售价格来实现,而销售价格直接影响产品质量。可以确定的是,与利润率较低的价格相比,价格每增加一个百分比,利润率水平就会有更大的提高。与价格上涨相反,成本下降时盈利能力的增加并没有增加相同的数量,而是在成本每下降1%的情况下趋于增加。研究证实,提高盈利水平的主要方向是产品质量的提高导致生产成本的降低和销售价格的提高,因为这些因素提供了研究指标的增加。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING THE EFFICIENCY OF MILK PRODUCTION IN AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES
In the dairy subcomplex of Ukraine, the success of market relations largely depends on the pricing of its products. It is proved that today the price is one of the main factors that shape the competitive advantages of milk and determine its share in the dairy market. In the context of global challenges, agricultural enterprises have limited influence on the selling price, so the real direction of increasing the profitability of production is to reduce its cost. However, studies show that the formation of milk prices can be influenced by the producer through the quality of products. Thus, due to the growth of fat and protein content above the basic norms, milk acquires a higher or extra grade, which allows the producer to receive surcharges and, as a result, a higher selling price. Profitability is the main indicator of production efficiency and depends on many factors, so the author studied the impact of the main ones, namely price, cost and quality parameters of products. It is proved that increasing the level of profitability can be achieved by reducing the cost of production, increasing the selling price, which is directly affected by product quality. It is established that each percentage increase in price provides a greater increase in the level of profitability compared to such an increase at a lower level of profitability. In contrast to the increase in price, the increase in profitability in the event of a decrease in cost does not increase by the same amount, but tends to increase in the case of each decrease in cost by 1%. It is substantiated that the main directions of increasing the level of profitability are to reduce the cost of production and increase the selling price due to the growth of product quality, as these factors provide an increase in the studied indicator.
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