社会和劳动方面的畜牧发展是农业企业的畜牧

Y. Lanchenko
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引用次数: 0

摘要

科学研究的主题是乌克兰劳动力市场和畜产品市场发展的科学和实践原则。本文的目的是充实正规就业领域,增加农业企业的畜牧生产。本文使用了乌克兰国家统计局的数据、乌克兰的规范性法律文件和以下科学研究方法:抽象-逻辑;系统方法;专题;统计和经济;平衡。根据对乌克兰人口肉类和牛奶消费的分析,证明存在违反人口均衡饮食的情况,这是国家社会政策的主要任务之一。其结构存在肉制品的大量短缺(规范的35%);乳制品(占标准的46%)等。在2014-2019年的研究期间,畜产品的产量,特别是牛肉和小牛肉的产量显著下降。情景实证计算了由于国内畜产品生产的增加而增加的农业正式就业,以确保国家合理的粮食平衡,并形成出口供应,结果如下:有可能涉及90多万农业企业工人。这些指标符合增加农村地区就业人数的需要(仅在家庭中就有大约50万失业人员和60多万个体户)。实践证明,要保证农业企业畜牧业发展的社会化方向,必须提高畜牧业生产效率,以保证短期就业和工资、就业稳定、农村和社区发展。通过对经济指标、不同类型农业生产者的牲畜和奶牛、畜牧业就业内容的分析,可以充实大、中、小型农业综合企业畜牧业发展的社会和劳动需求以及相关的组织和经济原则。由于高效率的农村家庭转变为农场和小型农业综合企业,后者的发展尤为重要。关键词:农村人口、就业、劳动力市场、地域社区、发展、养牛、农业企业、农场
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Social and labor aspects of livestock development of livestock in agricultural enterprises
The subject of scientific research is the scientific and practical principles of development of the labor market and the market of livestock products in Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the areas of formal employment and increase livestock production in agricultural enterprises. The data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, normative-legal acts of Ukraine and the following methods of scientific research are used: abstract-logical; system approach; monographic; statistical and economic; balance. Based on the analysis of meat and milk consumption by the population of Ukraine, it is proved that there is a violation of the balanced diet of the population, which is one of the main tasks of state social policy. Its structure has a large shortage of meat products (35 % of norm); dairy products (46 % of the norm), etc. In the studied period of 2014-2019, the production of livestock products, in particular beef and veal, significantly decreased. The scenario-empirical calculation of the increase in formal employment in agriculture due to the increase in domestic production of livestock products to ensure a rational food balance of the country and the formation of export supplies showed the following. It is possible to involve more than 900 thousand workers in agricultural enterprises. These indicators correspond to the need to increase the number of jobs in rural areas (about 500 thousand unemployed and more than 600 thousand self-employed people in households alone). It is proved that to ensure a socially oriented direction of livestock development in agricultural enterprises it is necessary to increase the efficiency of livestock production to ensure short-term employment and wages, stability of employment, development of rural areas and communities. Based on the analysis of economic indicators, livestock and cows in different types of agricultural producers, the content of employment in animal husbandry, it was possible to substantiate social and labor imperatives and the relevant organizational and economic principles of livestock development in large, medium and small agribusiness. The development of the latter is especially important due to the transformation of efficient rural households into farms and small agribusiness enterprises. Key words: rural population, employment, labor market, territorial community, development, cattle breeding, agricultural enterprise, farm.
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