儿童接种疫苗后热疗:对老问题的当前看法

A. Zaplatnikov, A. Girina, I. V. Lepiseva, V. I. Svintsitskaya, M. Leshik, A.V. Fursova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

根据世界卫生组织的说法,“免疫接种被认为是健康权的核心组成部分。”然而,疫苗预防的成功可能因目前普遍的疫苗犹豫而无效。拒绝免疫背后的原因包括与疫苗接种并发症高发率有关的误解,以及对疫苗不良事件在各种病理状况发展中的作用的相当大的高估。在这种情况下,特别值得关注的是,接种疫苗后儿童可能出现发烧,在这种情况下可能出现热性惊厥的风险。本文就免疫接种后发生的高热的预防和治疗作一综述。然而,根据对研究结果的分析得出的结论是,在接种疫苗前给予退热镇痛药(对乙酰氨基酚、布洛芬)并不能预防发热性癫痫发作的发生。同时,上述药物在疫苗接种后热疗期间的使用是合理的,其特点是治疗效果高。如前所述,对于有病史的发热性惊厥患儿,可在接种疫苗后早期给予解热镇痛药控制发热。作者介绍了最新的科学文献数据,表明免疫前预防性退烧药可能会影响疫苗诱导的免疫,不应推荐普遍使用。关键词:退烧药、对乙酰氨基酚、疫苗不良事件、疫苗接种、儿童、布洛芬、免疫、扑热息痛、疫苗接种后高热、发热性惊厥。引用本文:Zaplatnikov a.l., Girina a.a., Lepiseva I.V.等。儿童接种疫苗后热疗:对老问题的当前看法。俄罗斯妇幼卫生杂志。2023;6(2):192-198(俄文)。DOI: 10.32364 / 2618-8430-2023-6-2-192-198。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Post-vaccination hyperthermia in children: a current view of the old problem
According to the World Health Organization, “immunization is recognized as a core component of the human right to health.” However, the successes of vaccine prophylaxis could be nullified by the currently common vaccine hesitancy. The reasons behind immunization refusal encompass misconceptions related to a high rate of vaccination complications and a considerable overestimation of the role of vaccine adverse events in the development of various pathological conditions. In this context, particular concerns are caused by the potential occurrence of fever in children after an immunization and the risk of febrile seizures that may develop under such circumstances. The article is focused on the prevention and treatment of hyperthermia occurring after an immunization. However, based on the analysis of research findings a conclusion has been made that the administration of antipyretic analgesics (acetaminophen, ibuprofen) before vaccination does not prevent the onset of febrile seizures. At the same time, the use of mentioned drugs during the developed post-vaccination hyperthermia is justified and characterized by a high therapeutic efficacy. As emphasized, the early administration of antipyretic analgesics to control fever after vaccination could be recommended to children with febrile seizures in the medical history. The authors present the latest data of scientific literature demonstrating that the prophylactic antipyretic administration before an immunization may affect the vaccine-induced immunity and should not be recommended for a common use. KEYWORDS: antipyretics, acetaminophen, vaccine adverse events, vaccination, children, ibuprofen, immunization, paracetamol, post- vaccination hyperthermia, febrile seizures. FOR CITATION: Zaplatnikov A.L., Girina A.A., Lepiseva I.V. et al. Post-vaccination hyperthermia in children: a current view of the old problem. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(2):192–198 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-192-198.
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