Single Versus Multiple Dose of Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Caesarian Section: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Single-dose prophylaxis, a type of prophylactic antibiotic, used in a caesarean section usually helps in lessening the growth of microorganism confrontation. Single-dose prophylaxis is a very short course of an antibiotic used just before the surgery begins which helps in the improvement of aseptic and surgical procedures and reduces postoperative wound infections more effectively than multiple doses of it. Methods: This study is a single-blinded single centred randomized control trial which was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, in Shahed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital. The study period for this trial was June 13- to November 13. The sample size for this study was 136. Result: In the study group most of the respondents 54(79.4%) were aged between 20-25 years wherein in the control group most of the respondents 54(79.4%) were aged between 20-25 years. In the control group, most of the operations 45(66%) had needed <30 minutes wherein in the control group most of the operations 55(80.9%) had needed <30 minutes. In the caesarean section of the study group, 13(19.1%) were routine patients while 44(64.7%) were emergency. On the other hand, in the caesarean section of the control group 13(19.1%) were routine patients while 55(80.9%) were emergency. The grade O wound infection of the study group was 54(79.4%) whereas the control group was 53(77.9%) and followed by grade I was 11(16.2%) in both groups, grade III in the study group was 3(4.4%), grade IV in the control group was 4(5.9%). Most of the respondents of the study group 48(70.7%) had stayed between 3-5 days after the operation and wherein the control group 55(80.9%) had stayed between 3-5 days after the operation. Conclusion: Single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis is equally effective and less costly than multi-dose in uncomplicated gynecology and obstetrics cases and can be instituted in our setting.