SSR Genotyping of Wild Grape Species and Grape Cultivars of Vitis vinifera and V. vinifera × V. labrusca

To determine the relationship among wild grape species and grape cultivars, genotyping with 8 SSR loci was carried out using a wide range of grape species and cultivars, i.e., North American species, East Asian species, cultivars of Vitis vinifera, and those of V. vinifera × V. labrusca. SSR genotyping showed that wild grape species are more highly diverse than cultivated grapes. Principal coordinate analysis based on the distance (1-proportion of shared alleles) among accessions showed a clear separation between wild and cultivated grapes. A native Japanese cultivar, ‘Koshu’, and a Chinese cultivar, ‘Niunai’, were plotted among the cultivars of V. vinifera, even though these two Far East cultivars have some unique alleles.