自我监控现象:概念的理论内容与实证分析

Олена Володимирівна Милославська
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文分析了“自我监控”概念的理论内涵,并对国外心理学对这一心理现象的实证研究进行了评述。需要指出的是,自我监控是人格通过自我观察和自我控制对自己在社会情境中的表达行为和自我呈现进行监控的能力和愿望,以及这种能力在现实中的实现。有人说,自我监控会影响预测人们在不同社会情境中的实际行为的能力,从而影响在生活中不同领域的成功。它强调发展的自我监控能力可以产生积极和消极的心理后果。关于这一现象与各种心理特征的关系,最受欢迎的研究领域是:表达控制;在社交场合准确感知关键信息的能力;个体态度的可及性、自我形象的内容、态度与价值观的关系;准则:个人戒律与公共行为之间的一致;倾向于使行为适应基本的个人性格和关于社会情境的特殊关键信息;对情境关键信息、自我特征和态度的敏感度;易受广告影响;消费品质量评估;对做出与社会形象表现相关的功能性决策的动机信息的易感性;外表取向作为评价他人的标准;注重社交、友谊和浪漫;领导团队;组织行为与管理结果;批判性思维和反思等。研究表明,在乌克兰心理学中,最受欢迎的研究课题是自我呈现现象,它接近于自我监控。人们的注意力集中在这样一个事实上,即西方和乌克兰传统的研究在这个方向上的结合是有希望的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
PHENOMENON OF SELF-MONITORING: THEORETICAL CONTENT OF THE CONCEPT AND EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
The article analyzes the theoretical content of the concept of “self-monitoring” and considers empirical studies of this psychological phenomenon in foreign psychology. It is noted that self-monitoring is the ability and desire of the personality to monitor through self-observation and self-control of own expressive behavior and self-presentation in social situations, as well as the realization of this ability in reality. It is stated that self-monitoring affects the ability to predict the actual behavior of people in different social situations, and as a consequence, the success in different areas of life. It is emphasized that the developed ability to self-monitoring can produce both positive and negative psychological consequences. The most popular areas of research on the relationship of this phenomenon with various psychological characteristics are highlighted: expressive control; ability to accurately perceive key information in social situations; accessibility of individual attitudes, the content of the image of the Self, the relationship between attitudes and values; the correspondence between personal precepts and public actions; a tendency to adapt behavior to basic personal dispositions and special key information about the social situation; sensitivity to key information about the situation, the characteristics of his / her Self and his / her own attitudes; susceptibility to advertising; consumer product quality assessments; susceptibility to motivational messages that make functional decisions related to the manifestation of social images; appearance orientation as a criterion for evaluating other people; focus on social interaction, friendship and romance; leadership in the group; organizational behavior and management results; critical thinking and reflection, etc. It is indicated that in Ukrainian psychology, the most popular subject of the research is the phenomenon of self-presentation, which is close to self-monitoring. The attention is focused on the fact that the combination of the Western and Ukrainian traditions of the research in this direction is promising.
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