在全球畜牧业生产中使用提高生产性能的技术

IF 3.2 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE
A. Dilger, D. Boler
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引用次数: 1

摘要

已经并预计将继续增加。然而,可用于粮食生产的土地并没有增加,事实上,由于气候变化,未来可能会减少。此外,必须解决动物生产对自然资源和环境的影响。因此,要用更少的土地和更少的资源为更多的人生产更多的粮食,就必须提高生产效率。换句话说,必须通过技术的使用来提高肉类生产系统的性能。然而,技术的使用,甚至特定技术的需求和实施在世界各地因生产系统、肉类消费的文化方法和技术本身的可用性而有所不同。《动物前沿》前两版(2013年1月和7月)侧重于动物生产对全球粮食安全的贡献,强调发展中国家的农业和动物生产技术的应用。本期杂志详细介绍了在牛、猪、小型反刍动物、家禽和鱼类的肉类生产中使用提高性能的技术。本期还力求介绍全球采用的技术的多样性。虽然有些人可能认为提高性能的技术等同于动物药物,但动物生产中使用的技术还包括遗传和生殖技术、饲料加工和添加剂,以及动物管理和生产实践。这些其他技术进步对生产的贡献不应被忽视,并应继续加以改进。Dunshea等人(2016)在文章中详细介绍了对性能增强技术的迫切需求。他们强调减少生产肉类所需投入(主要是饲料)的技术,增加从动物身上获得的肉类数量,或两者兼而有之。这些改进降低了畜牧生产者的成本,增加了他们的收入,从而使他们直接受益。然而,肉类消费者从这些技术中受益,而且肉类更便宜,更丰富。这些技术对环境的直接好处不那么明显,但同样有意义,因为生产的肉类更多,对环境的影响更小。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The use of performance-enhancing technologies in global livestock production
has been and is expected to continue to increase. However, land available for food production is not increasing and may, in fact, be reduced in the future due to climatic changes. Furthermore, the impact of animal production on natural resources and the environment must be addressed. Thus, to produce more food for more people on less land with fewer resources, production efficiency must be increased. In other words, the performance of meat production systems must be enhanced through the use of technology. However, the use of technologies and even the need and implementation of particular technologies differ throughout the world based on production system, cultural approaches to meat consumption, and the availability of technologies themselves. Previous editions of Animal Frontiers (January and July 2013) focused on the contributions of animal production to global food security, emphasizing both agriculture in developing countries and the application of technologies in animal production. The current issue expands on those ideas with more detail regarding the use of performance-enhancing technologies in the production of meat from cattle, swine, small ruminants, poultry, and fish. This issue also strives to present the diversity of technologies employed globally. While some might find performance-enhancing technologies synonymous with animal pharmaceuticals, technologies used in animal production also encompass genetic and reproductive technologies, feed processing and additives, and animal management and production practices. The contribution of these other technological advancements in production should not be overlooked and continue to be refined. The critical need for performance-enhancing technologies is detailed in the article by Dunshea et al. (2016). They highlight technologies that reduce the amount of inputs (mainly feed) needed to produce meat, increase the amount of meat obtainable from animals, or both. These improvements directly benefit livestock producers by reducing their costs and increasing their revenues. However, consumers of meat benefit from these technologies as well as meat is less expensive and more plentiful. Less apparent, but no less meaningful, is the direct benefit to the environment of these technologies as more meat is produced with less of an environmental impact.
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来源期刊
Animal Frontiers
Animal Frontiers Veterinary-Food Animals
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
5.60%
发文量
74
期刊介绍: Animal Frontiers is the official journal of the following globally active professional animal science societies: ASAS, the American Society of Animal Science CSAS, the Canadian Society of Animal Science EAAP, the European Federation of Animal Science AMSA, the American Meat Science Association These organizations are dedicated to the advancement and dissemination of science-based knowledge concerning animal agriculture. Animal Frontiers provides a novel forum for innovative and timely perspectives that have relevance to understanding the complex dynamics at work through animal agriculture. Animal Frontiers publishes discussion and position papers that present several international perspectives on the status of high-impact, global issues in animal agriculture. Every issue will explore a theme of broad and current interest within animal science and animal agriculture.
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