Parametri biogeografici della Biodiversita'. Struttura e rapporti del popolamento siculo a Scarabeidi degradatori (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea)

Biogeographia vol. )OO( - 2011 (Pubblicato il 23 dicembre 2011) La Biogeografia della Sicilia Parametri biogeografici della Biodiversita. Struttura e rapporti del popolamento siculo a Scarabeidi degradatori (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea) ROSSANA AGOGLITTA, MARIO ZUNINO Dzfartimento di Scienze della Yemz, della Vita e dell’/lmbiente (DiSte V21), Universitiz degli Studi di Urbino “Carlo B0”- Campus Scientzfico “Enrico Mzzttef’ 61029 Urbino (Pw (Italy); e-mail: r0sszzmz.agog[imz@unz'urb.it Key words: biodiversity, I and II order chorotypes, Geotrupidae, Scarabaeidae, Sicily. SUMMARY In this paper, we studied the relationships between ecobiogeography and historical biogeography, based on Sici- ly’s population of Scarab dung beetles (Geotrupidae and Scarabaeidae). We based the island’s ecogeographic parti- tion on its floristic districts and subdistricts (Brullo et al., 1995). We applied some techniques of biodiversity analy- sis to the study of I and II order chorotypes (Bellucci et al., 2007; Zunino, 2005, 2007). Species and groups found correspond to 14 chorotypes of I order and to 22 of II order, difiterently represented and distributed in the sample. The 01, and y diversities were studied with both hierarchical levels of chorology. The obtained results, using dif- ferent indexes, confirm Sicily’s landscape heterogeneity. B diversity does not refute the proposed phytogeographic island’s partition in districts. The analysis of the districts’ similitude, on the other hand, seems to refute the hierar- chically superior partition in subsectors. In fact, all the calculated indexes agree on grouping districts that in the phytogeographic classification belong to different subsectors. Therefore, with the comparative analysis of the I or- der chorotypes, the synchronic relations of the studied Sicilian faunistic component are discussed. Finally, through the analysis of the II order chorotypes, considered as spaces that are occupied by panbiogeographic tracks, the re- lationships of the Sicilian Scarab beetles are examined with a historical biogeography standpoint, suggesting hy- potheses of primary biogeographic homologies. From the same analysis, it becomes satisfactorily clear that Sicily is included in more than one panbiogeographic node, and that this is evidence of its involvement in allotopic and al- lochronic biogeographic histories. INTRODUZIONE Nel resente lavoro si rendono in considerazione i ra orti tra ecobio eo- P I up I O 0 I g grafia e biogeografia storica attraverso lo studio del popolarnento S1ClllaI1O a C0- leotteri Scarabaeoidea de radatori Geotru idae e Scarabaeidae . L’area inda- . c 3. g . . P. \ . . . gata e limitata all isola madre; come 1pOt€Sl d1 lavoro questa e stata suddivisa in otto distretti, ra ru ati in uattro sottosettori, che corris ondono con 0- 5% PP (1 P