气候变化反映在世界上最大的湿地之一:北潘塔纳尔水域概况

Q2 Environmental Science
W. Lázaro, E. S. Oliveira-Júnior, C. J. Silva, Solange Kimie Ikeda Castrillon, C. C. Muniz
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引用次数: 27

摘要

摘要/ Abstract摘要:潘塔纳尔河的动态完全受洪水脉冲的影响,洪水脉冲在一定程度上是由亚马孙河向海岬和低地方向的降雨状况造成的,在那里水被保留下来,形成了洪泛平原。气候变化对北潘塔纳尔的影响尚未测量(Cáceres的潘塔纳尔),那里是通往潘塔纳尔大部分水域的门户。在这里,我们使用降雨、水文学和卫星图像数据来确定巴拉圭河在过去几十年里可能的降雨模式、保水和水位。尽管在潘塔纳尔北部发现了一个明确的水脉冲,但在42年的历史序列中,没有降水的天数大大增加,在过去10年里,特别是在干旱季节,景观中的水团损失也大大增加。总的来说,现在北潘塔纳尔的无雨天数比60年代多13%,与过去10年相比,干旱季节的水量减少了16%。这些结果表明,如今潘塔纳尔河正在失去水分,经历着比过去更严重的干旱季节。就生态系统的物理化学和生物循环而言,这些变化可能导致生物多样性的丧失,以及与洪水脉冲内在联系的生态系统服务的丧失。鉴于人为压力(例如砍伐森林、侵蚀、水力发电站)加剧了这些损失,必须紧急执行起草战略计划,以保护潘塔纳尔地区的野生动物和人口,以及农业、畜牧业、渔业和保护人民的生活方式。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Climate change reflected in one of the largest wetlands in the world: an overview of the Northern Pantanal water regime
Abstract: The dynamics of Pantanal is totally influenced by the flood pulse, which is, in part, a consequence of rainfall regime from the Amazon in the direction to the headlands and the lowlands where the water is retained, and the flood plain is formed. The impacts of climate change have not yet been measured for the Northern Pantanal (Pantanal of Cáceres), where it is the gateway to most Pantanal waters. Here, we have used rainfall, hydrology, and satellite imagery data to ascertain the possible rainfall patterns, water retention, and level of the Paraguay River over the past decades. Although a well-defined water pulse is found in the Northern Pantanal, over a 42-year historical series the number of days without precipitation has greatly increased, as well the loss of water mass in the landscape over the last 10 years specifically in during the drought season. Overall, nowadays the Northern Pantanal has 13% more days without rain than in the 60’s, and the water mass is 16% less during the drought season considering the last 10 years. These results show that nowadays the Pantanal is losing water and experiencing a more severe drought season than in the past. Regarding the physicochemical and biological cycles of the ecosystem, these changes can result in the loss of biodiversity, as well as the loss of ecosystem services, intrinsically linked to the flood pulse. Given that these losses have been aggravated by anthropogenic pressures (e.g. deforestation, erosion, hydroelectric power stations), the drafting of strategic plans for safeguarding wildlife and human populations, as well as agriculture, cattle raising, fisheries and the preservation of the people’s lifestyle in the Pantanal must be urgently implemented.
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来源期刊
Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia Environmental Science-Ecology
CiteScore
2.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
17
审稿时长
50 weeks
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