圆锥形帐篷与硫酸盐蒸发岩的流动性有关:以巴西帕拉纳盆地二叠纪的Irati组为例

IF 2 4区 地球科学 Q1 GEOLOGY
S. Petri, P. C. Fonseca Giannini, A. Chahud, I. J. Sayeg
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在伊拉蒂组薄节奏岩层的基底部分发现了带有裂缝和层内角砾岩的圆锥形构造。节律岩交替发育由白云岩和富含有机粘土的圆纹微层状形成的深灰色层状和由白云岩和似球粒形成的中灰色层状。一些节律对彼此之间隔着薄层(< 0.5 mm),其中含有石膏的石英假晶和/或由生物扰动或溶解引起的孔隙。这些似球体与早期自生硫酸钠(一种典型的非海相盐水)的微集密切相关,表明其是在蓝藻作用下形成的,这有利于内陆湖泊的高盐条件。这与帕拉南盆地和泛海相洋之间的联系的关闭是一致的,正如人们认为的那样,这是伊拉蒂沉积的最后阶段。所分析的圆锥体与块状浅灰色白云岩的底辟岩特征有关,在显微镜下可以区分为有机质含量较低,并呈现富含硫酸钠的聚结样(凝块)。向上注入浅灰色白云石所需的水塑性流变学、超压和密度梯度归因于水中的过饱和和成岩低密度水合硫酸盐(如芒硝和芒硝)的存在。因此,这里研究的形成圆锥形帐篷的过程不同于以前湖泊和泻湖圆锥形帐篷模型中描述的过程,特别是关于硫酸盐白云岩沉积物的膨胀和流动性的基本作用,由湖泊的水文和地下水的海拔控制,而不一定涉及地面暴露过程。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Tepees associated with mobility of evaporite sulfate: The case of the Irati Formation, Permian of Paraná Basin, Brazil
Tepee structures, associated with cracks and intraformational breccias, are found in the basal part of the Thin Rhythmites Bed of the Irati Formation. The rhythmite alternates dark gray mm-thick laminae, formed by dolomicrite with crenulated microlamination rich in organic clay, and intermediate gray laminae, formed by dolarenite with peloids. Some of the rhythmic pairs are separated from each other by thin horizons (< 0.5 mm) with a concentration of quartz pseudomorphs of gypsum and/or pores resulting from bioturbation or dissolution. The close association of the peloids with microrosettes of early authigenic sodium sulfate, a typical salt of nonmarine brines, is suggestive of its formation under cyanobacterial action, favored by hypersaline conditions in inland lakes. This is consistent with the closing of the connection between the Paraná Basin and the Panthalassic Ocean, as has been suggested for the final stages of Irati sedimentation. The tepees analyzed are related to diapiric features of massive light gray dolomicrite, which is distinguished under the microscope as being poorer in organic matter and for presenting coalesced peloids (clots) rich in sodium sulfate. The hydroplastic rheology, overpressure, and density gradient required for the upward injection of light gray dolomicrite are attributed to supersaturation in water and the presence of eodiagenetic low-density hydrated sulfates (e.g., mirabilite and thenardite). Thus, the processes that form the tepees studied here differ from those described in previous models of lacustrine and lagoon tepees, especially regarding the fundamental role of the expansion and mobility of the sulfated dolomite sediment, controlled by the lake's hydrology and by the elevation of groundwater, without necessarily involving subaerial exposure processes.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
5.00%
发文量
50
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The journal is broad and international in scope and welcomes contributions that further the fundamental understanding of sedimentary processes, the origin of sedimentary deposits, the workings of sedimentary systems, and the records of earth history contained within sedimentary rocks.
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