{"title":"装置停止不铺设(Decapterus spp.),应停止风险","authors":"S. Suwarso, Achmad Zamroni","doi":"10.15578/JKPI.5.1.2013.17-24","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Ikan layang (Decapterus russelli dan D. macrosoma, Fam. CARANGIDAE) merupakan komponen utama dari sumberdaya ikan pelagis kecil di perairan sekitar Laut Jawa-Selat Makassar. Peningkatan upaya secara tak terkontrol pada perikanan purse seine telah mengakibatkan penyusutan biomassa yang berdampak pada penurunan hasil tangkapan, sehingga tujuan pengelolaan yang berkelanjutan tak tercapai; ditambah lagi pengetahuan tentang karakter biologi dan keterkaitan diantara stok di sekitar zona utama belum diketahui secara jelas. Paper ini membahas dugaan sebaran stok dan risiko pengelolaannya berdasarkan data penstrukturan populasi dua species ikan layang (D. russelli dan D. macrosoma) dan aspek perikanan tangkap (komposisi jenis, sebaran fishing ground). Data struktur populasi diperoleh dari hasil analisis genetik terhadap marker DNA mitochondria (metode RFLP) yang telah dilaporkan sebelumnya; sedang data aspek penangkapan diperoleh dari tempat pendaratan utama di Pekalongan, Samarinda, Mamuju dan sekitarnya. Hasil menunjukkan kedua species layang memiliki masing-masing dua sub populasi (2 unit stok). D. russelli, tersebar di Laut Jawa bagian timur, Laut Flores bagian selatan dan Laut Banda bagian barat (sub populasi atau unit stok 1), sedang unit stok 2 tersebar di Selat Makassar laut dangkal di timur Kalimantan. Sedangkan pada D. macrosoma, unit stok Laut Banda (unit stok 1) terpisah (berbeda) dengan unit stok lain yang tersebar di Laut Flores zona pantai, Laut Jawa bagian timur dan Selat Makassar laut dangkal. Dari hal tersebut pengelolaan ikan pelagis kecil di Laut Jawa (WPP 712) dan Selat Makasar laut dangkal (WPP 713) sebaiknya disatukan sebagai satu unit stok dan satu unit managemen. Di pihak lain, perikanan pelagis di Selat Makasar laut dalam di perairan barat Sulawesi disarankan dikelola dalam konteks penstrukturan populasi ikan pelagis kecil lautdalam di sekitar Sulawesi (malalugis, D. macarellus). Pola migrasi ikan layang/pelagis dalam arah Laut Jawa – Selat Makasar dan sebaliknya dimungkinkan juga terkait dengan penstrukturan populasi layang tersebut.Layang scad (Decapterus russelli) and round scad (D. macrosoma) was a main component of small pelagic fishes around Java Sea-Makasar Strait. Increasing of uncontrolled effort of purse seine had caused a biomass decrease and clearly impact to the lower catch, so that a goal of sustainable fishery was difficult to reach; in addition, knowledge on biological characteristics and inter-relationship within the stock unit in the main zone was not understood yet. Study on stock distribution and its management impacts was conducted based on the population structuring of the two scads species exist (D. russelli and D. macrosoma) which was observed fromthe genetic analyses of the mitochondria DNA marker (RFLP method), and the capture fishery data (species composition, distribution of fishing ground) from some main landing sites such as Pekalongan, Samarinda, Mamuju, and Bone. Results showed the two species of scads had two sub population (stock unit) respectively. D. russelli distribute in the eastern part of Java Sea, southern Flores Sea, and western Banda Sea exist as a sub population or stock unit 1, while a stock unit 2 was distributed around the coastal waters of Makasar Strait in eastern Kalimantan. However, stock unit 1 of D. macrosoma that distribute in Banda Sea was separated (clearly different) from the stock unit 2 that was distributed in the coastal habitat of Flores Sea, eastern Java Sea, and the coastal area of Makasar Strait (east Kalimantan). Thus, a sustainable management of small pelagic fish in the areas of Java Sea (FMA 712) and Makasar Strait (FMA 713) have to be managed as a one stock unit (sub population) and one management unit. On the other hand, we would like to propose that for a small pelagic fish that was distributed in the oceanic habitat of Makasar Strait (western Sulawesi) should be managed in the context of population structuring of scad mackerel/malalugis (D. macarellus) as the main oceanic species of small pelagic fish around Sulawesi. Migration pattern of that two scads (D. russelli and D. macrosoma) along the Java Sea and Makasar Strait and vise versa may be related to that proposed population structuring of scads.","PeriodicalId":31078,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kebijakan Perikanan Indonesia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2013-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"4","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"SEBARAN UNIT STOK IKAN LAYANG (Decapterus spp.) DAN RISIKO PENGELOLAAN IKAN PELAGIS KECIL DI LAUT JAWA\",\"authors\":\"S. Suwarso, Achmad Zamroni\",\"doi\":\"10.15578/JKPI.5.1.2013.17-24\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Ikan layang (Decapterus russelli dan D. macrosoma, Fam. CARANGIDAE) merupakan komponen utama dari sumberdaya ikan pelagis kecil di perairan sekitar Laut Jawa-Selat Makassar. Peningkatan upaya secara tak terkontrol pada perikanan purse seine telah mengakibatkan penyusutan biomassa yang berdampak pada penurunan hasil tangkapan, sehingga tujuan pengelolaan yang berkelanjutan tak tercapai; ditambah lagi pengetahuan tentang karakter biologi dan keterkaitan diantara stok di sekitar zona utama belum diketahui secara jelas. Paper ini membahas dugaan sebaran stok dan risiko pengelolaannya berdasarkan data penstrukturan populasi dua species ikan layang (D. russelli dan D. macrosoma) dan aspek perikanan tangkap (komposisi jenis, sebaran fishing ground). Data struktur populasi diperoleh dari hasil analisis genetik terhadap marker DNA mitochondria (metode RFLP) yang telah dilaporkan sebelumnya; sedang data aspek penangkapan diperoleh dari tempat pendaratan utama di Pekalongan, Samarinda, Mamuju dan sekitarnya. Hasil menunjukkan kedua species layang memiliki masing-masing dua sub populasi (2 unit stok). D. russelli, tersebar di Laut Jawa bagian timur, Laut Flores bagian selatan dan Laut Banda bagian barat (sub populasi atau unit stok 1), sedang unit stok 2 tersebar di Selat Makassar laut dangkal di timur Kalimantan. Sedangkan pada D. macrosoma, unit stok Laut Banda (unit stok 1) terpisah (berbeda) dengan unit stok lain yang tersebar di Laut Flores zona pantai, Laut Jawa bagian timur dan Selat Makassar laut dangkal. Dari hal tersebut pengelolaan ikan pelagis kecil di Laut Jawa (WPP 712) dan Selat Makasar laut dangkal (WPP 713) sebaiknya disatukan sebagai satu unit stok dan satu unit managemen. Di pihak lain, perikanan pelagis di Selat Makasar laut dalam di perairan barat Sulawesi disarankan dikelola dalam konteks penstrukturan populasi ikan pelagis kecil lautdalam di sekitar Sulawesi (malalugis, D. macarellus). Pola migrasi ikan layang/pelagis dalam arah Laut Jawa – Selat Makasar dan sebaliknya dimungkinkan juga terkait dengan penstrukturan populasi layang tersebut.Layang scad (Decapterus russelli) and round scad (D. macrosoma) was a main component of small pelagic fishes around Java Sea-Makasar Strait. Increasing of uncontrolled effort of purse seine had caused a biomass decrease and clearly impact to the lower catch, so that a goal of sustainable fishery was difficult to reach; in addition, knowledge on biological characteristics and inter-relationship within the stock unit in the main zone was not understood yet. Study on stock distribution and its management impacts was conducted based on the population structuring of the two scads species exist (D. russelli and D. macrosoma) which was observed fromthe genetic analyses of the mitochondria DNA marker (RFLP method), and the capture fishery data (species composition, distribution of fishing ground) from some main landing sites such as Pekalongan, Samarinda, Mamuju, and Bone. Results showed the two species of scads had two sub population (stock unit) respectively. D. russelli distribute in the eastern part of Java Sea, southern Flores Sea, and western Banda Sea exist as a sub population or stock unit 1, while a stock unit 2 was distributed around the coastal waters of Makasar Strait in eastern Kalimantan. However, stock unit 1 of D. macrosoma that distribute in Banda Sea was separated (clearly different) from the stock unit 2 that was distributed in the coastal habitat of Flores Sea, eastern Java Sea, and the coastal area of Makasar Strait (east Kalimantan). Thus, a sustainable management of small pelagic fish in the areas of Java Sea (FMA 712) and Makasar Strait (FMA 713) have to be managed as a one stock unit (sub population) and one management unit. On the other hand, we would like to propose that for a small pelagic fish that was distributed in the oceanic habitat of Makasar Strait (western Sulawesi) should be managed in the context of population structuring of scad mackerel/malalugis (D. macarellus) as the main oceanic species of small pelagic fish around Sulawesi. Migration pattern of that two scads (D. russelli and D. macrosoma) along the Java Sea and Makasar Strait and vise versa may be related to that proposed population structuring of scads.\",\"PeriodicalId\":31078,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Jurnal Kebijakan Perikanan Indonesia\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2013-05-31\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"4\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Jurnal Kebijakan Perikanan Indonesia\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.15578/JKPI.5.1.2013.17-24\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Jurnal Kebijakan Perikanan Indonesia","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.15578/JKPI.5.1.2013.17-24","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
摘要
飞鱼(解析russelli和D. macrosoma, Fam)。鲤鱼科)是马卡萨海峡附近海域中小型远洋鱼类资源的主要组成部分。对purse塞纳鱼渔业的不受控制的努力增加导致生物抑制导致渔获减少,从而无法实现可持续管理目标;此外,我们还不清楚主要区域的生物特征及其相互关系的知识。这篇论文讨论了基于两种立陆鱼(D. russelli和D. macrosoma)人口结构数据以及渔业捕捉方面(类型组成、散文土地)管理的假设散位和风险。人口结构数据来自先前报告的线粒体DNA (rphp方法)的基因分析结果;我们从停机坪、萨马林达、马穆居等着陆地点取得了逮捕方面的数据。结果表明,陆上物种各有两种不同的种群(2个单位的库存)。russelli分布在东爪哇海,南爪哇海和北爪哇海(一种亚种群或库存单位),位于加里曼丹东部的浅海望加锡海峡。而在macrosoma D, Banda的海洋供应单位(第一种供应单位)与散布在弗洛雷斯海、东爪哇海和浅海望加的马卡萨海峡之间的其他储备单位(不同)是不同的。因此,在爪哇岛的小型远洋鱼类(WPP 712)和浅海马卡萨海峡(WPP 713)的管理应该包括一个单独的库存和一个管理单位。另一方面,苏拉威西西海域马卡萨深海渔业则被建议在苏拉威西岛(malalugis, D. macarellus)周围海域中进行管理。爪哇海中飞禽鱼的迁徙模式——马卡萨海峡,反过来也与飞禽种群的结构有关。卷铺机(russelli)和round scad (D. macrosoma)是Java sea -马卡萨海峡周围的小规模卷筒鱼的典型组合。无法控制的追求导致了对下抓人的生物大规模退化和清除,所以可持续的目标很难达到;此外,区域库存单位的生物特征和内部关系知识还不了解。Study on证券distribution and its管理impacts人口structuring》conducted改编自两只一大堆物种存在russelli和D (D。macrosoma),这是observed fromthe mitochondria DNA标记基因analyses》(RFLP方法),和《捕获fishery钓鱼(composition物种,distribution of地面数据)从美国一些玩landing sites这么走,萨马林达,Mamuju和骨头。结果显示,这两个物种有两个不同的亚种。russelli分布在爪哇东部、南部弗洛雷斯海和西岸的Banda Sea以一种亚人口或股票的方式存在,而另一种则分布在婆罗洲东部马卡萨斯特拉特山脉的海岸水域。在班达的海域中,供应D. macrosoma的单位与其他单位不同,2 .分配在佛罗里达、爪哇东部和马卡萨斯特海峡地区。因此,Java Sea (FMA 712)和Makasar Strait (FMA 713)中旗下的小量旗鱼(FMA 713)必须管理一种股票和一个管理单位。《另一个手,那我们想propose for a small种远洋鱼那是按《海洋栖息地的马卡萨苏拉威西海峡(西部)应该managed卡德的《》在人口structuring鲭鱼/ malalugis (D . macarellus)美国《玩小种远洋鱼苏拉威西岛周围的海洋物种。在Java Sea和马卡萨海峡和vise versa中,两种scads的迁移模式可能与人口结构的比例有关。
SEBARAN UNIT STOK IKAN LAYANG (Decapterus spp.) DAN RISIKO PENGELOLAAN IKAN PELAGIS KECIL DI LAUT JAWA
Ikan layang (Decapterus russelli dan D. macrosoma, Fam. CARANGIDAE) merupakan komponen utama dari sumberdaya ikan pelagis kecil di perairan sekitar Laut Jawa-Selat Makassar. Peningkatan upaya secara tak terkontrol pada perikanan purse seine telah mengakibatkan penyusutan biomassa yang berdampak pada penurunan hasil tangkapan, sehingga tujuan pengelolaan yang berkelanjutan tak tercapai; ditambah lagi pengetahuan tentang karakter biologi dan keterkaitan diantara stok di sekitar zona utama belum diketahui secara jelas. Paper ini membahas dugaan sebaran stok dan risiko pengelolaannya berdasarkan data penstrukturan populasi dua species ikan layang (D. russelli dan D. macrosoma) dan aspek perikanan tangkap (komposisi jenis, sebaran fishing ground). Data struktur populasi diperoleh dari hasil analisis genetik terhadap marker DNA mitochondria (metode RFLP) yang telah dilaporkan sebelumnya; sedang data aspek penangkapan diperoleh dari tempat pendaratan utama di Pekalongan, Samarinda, Mamuju dan sekitarnya. Hasil menunjukkan kedua species layang memiliki masing-masing dua sub populasi (2 unit stok). D. russelli, tersebar di Laut Jawa bagian timur, Laut Flores bagian selatan dan Laut Banda bagian barat (sub populasi atau unit stok 1), sedang unit stok 2 tersebar di Selat Makassar laut dangkal di timur Kalimantan. Sedangkan pada D. macrosoma, unit stok Laut Banda (unit stok 1) terpisah (berbeda) dengan unit stok lain yang tersebar di Laut Flores zona pantai, Laut Jawa bagian timur dan Selat Makassar laut dangkal. Dari hal tersebut pengelolaan ikan pelagis kecil di Laut Jawa (WPP 712) dan Selat Makasar laut dangkal (WPP 713) sebaiknya disatukan sebagai satu unit stok dan satu unit managemen. Di pihak lain, perikanan pelagis di Selat Makasar laut dalam di perairan barat Sulawesi disarankan dikelola dalam konteks penstrukturan populasi ikan pelagis kecil lautdalam di sekitar Sulawesi (malalugis, D. macarellus). Pola migrasi ikan layang/pelagis dalam arah Laut Jawa – Selat Makasar dan sebaliknya dimungkinkan juga terkait dengan penstrukturan populasi layang tersebut.Layang scad (Decapterus russelli) and round scad (D. macrosoma) was a main component of small pelagic fishes around Java Sea-Makasar Strait. Increasing of uncontrolled effort of purse seine had caused a biomass decrease and clearly impact to the lower catch, so that a goal of sustainable fishery was difficult to reach; in addition, knowledge on biological characteristics and inter-relationship within the stock unit in the main zone was not understood yet. Study on stock distribution and its management impacts was conducted based on the population structuring of the two scads species exist (D. russelli and D. macrosoma) which was observed fromthe genetic analyses of the mitochondria DNA marker (RFLP method), and the capture fishery data (species composition, distribution of fishing ground) from some main landing sites such as Pekalongan, Samarinda, Mamuju, and Bone. Results showed the two species of scads had two sub population (stock unit) respectively. D. russelli distribute in the eastern part of Java Sea, southern Flores Sea, and western Banda Sea exist as a sub population or stock unit 1, while a stock unit 2 was distributed around the coastal waters of Makasar Strait in eastern Kalimantan. However, stock unit 1 of D. macrosoma that distribute in Banda Sea was separated (clearly different) from the stock unit 2 that was distributed in the coastal habitat of Flores Sea, eastern Java Sea, and the coastal area of Makasar Strait (east Kalimantan). Thus, a sustainable management of small pelagic fish in the areas of Java Sea (FMA 712) and Makasar Strait (FMA 713) have to be managed as a one stock unit (sub population) and one management unit. On the other hand, we would like to propose that for a small pelagic fish that was distributed in the oceanic habitat of Makasar Strait (western Sulawesi) should be managed in the context of population structuring of scad mackerel/malalugis (D. macarellus) as the main oceanic species of small pelagic fish around Sulawesi. Migration pattern of that two scads (D. russelli and D. macrosoma) along the Java Sea and Makasar Strait and vise versa may be related to that proposed population structuring of scads.